DC World Midterm 2

Reformation

100

started the Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther

200

Date the Reformation Began

October 31, 1517

300

passed through Geneva Switzerland, and remained there, helping to transform the city’s government and culture

Catholics wanted not to turn to Protestant thought, but to affirm the purest form of Catholicism, and to change some of the more offensive abuses within the church

John Calvin

Counter-Reformation

400

hired over 50 scholars to publish a Bible that would further his political ambitions

James I

500

What was the most valuable topic covered in this course? Give FIVE reasons for its historical and educational value.

Answers will vary

Wild Card 1

100

to resolve their territorial disputes after the discovery of ocean routes to the Americas and the Indian Ocean

Treaty of Tordesillas

200

Contrast the justice in Hammurabi’s code with that of the Mosaic Law.

Hammurabi’s code gave different punishments based on wealth and status. Mosaic law applied to all citizens equally.

300

Identify Cyrus and explain his importance in the fulfillment of biblical prophecy.

• Cyrus enabled the Jews to return to their homeland
• Isaiah 44:28:  who says of Cyrus, “He is my shepherd,
  and he shall carry out all my purpose”;
  and who says of Jerusalem, “It shall be rebuilt,”
  and of the temple, “Your foundation shall be laid.”

400

Some historians claim that the Byzantine empire remained a strong and viable state after the fall of the western half of the empire. 1. Identify two pieces of evidence that would support this claim. 2. Identify one piece of evidence that undermines this claim.

• Support - Constantinople was a center of trade and religion; lasted 1,000 years longer than Rome
• Support - Justinian expanded the empire & created a stable legal code.
• Undermine – Justinian plague wiped out many; Iconoclasm undermined church authority.

500

Respond to EACH of the following myths about the Crusades using historical fact, biblical truth, and/or sound logic (4 points). 1. MYTH #1: THE CRUSADES REPRESENTED AN UNPROVOKED ATTACK BY WESTERN CHRISTIANS ON THE PEACEFUL MUSLIM WORLD. 2. MYTH #2: WESTERN CHRISTIANS DID NOT REALLY BELIEVE THEIR OWN RELIGIOUS PROPAGANDA; RATHER, THEY HAD ULTERIOR, MATERIALISTIC MOTIVES. 3. MYTH #3: THE CRUSADES TAUGHT MUSLIMS TO HATE AND ATTACK CHRISTIANS. 4. MYTH #4: THE ENLIGHTENED MUSLIM WORLD WAS LEFT IN RUINS BECAUSE OF THE CRUSADERS.

• Muslims were killing Christians making pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
• The crusades were launched to protect Christians and preserve the Gospel. Some got greedy later.
• Muhammad taught Muslims to hate & attack Christians in the Koran.
• Muslims confiscated European knowledge and destroyed holy sites of other religions.

Wild Card 2

100

Warrior people who developed iron tools & weapons

Hittites

200

overthrew an imposter to become the ruler of Persia; reformed the political system

Darius I

300

At the Diet of Worms, Luther said, “My _______________is captive to the __________________.” “I cannot and will not _____________.” “Acting against one's ______________is neither safe nor sound.” “_________________help me.”

conscience, Word of God, recant, conscience, God

400

Two reasons pilgrims make hajj to Mecca

it is one of the Five Pillars of Islam; Muhammad did it

500

Evolutionary anthropologists suggest that humans began as hunter-gatherers and later evolved to become farmers. Did hunter-gatherers precede farmers? Explain. Formulate your answer using biblical evidence and at least two archaeological findings.

No, Adam was planting and harvesting from the beginning.

Evidence of cultivated crops, facilities, and tools found in Turkey, Israel, Syria, Iraq, and Iran.