the Basics of Psycholog
This Greek word means "study of the soul" or "mind."
What is psychology?
This research method involves in-depth investigation of a single individual or small group.
What is a case study?
The part of the brain responsible for higher-order thinking, decision-making, and problem-solving.
What is the frontal lobe?
The process by which we learn through associations, famously studied by Pavlov.
What is classical conditioning?
Freud's theory divides personality into three parts: the id, ego, and ____.
What is the superego?
He is considered the father of psychology and established the first psychology lab in 1879.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
This is the only research method that can determine causation.
What is an experiment?
The brain structure that regulates hunger, thirst, and body temperature.
What is the hypothalamus?
This psychologist developed the theory of operant conditioning.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
Piaget’s developmental stage where a child learns object permanence.
What is the sensorimotor stage?
The perspective in psychology that focuses on how behavior and mental processes help people adapt to their environment.
What is functionalism?
A testable prediction that guides scientific research
What is a hypothesis?
The part of the nervous system responsible for the "fight or flight" response.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Answer: A decrease in response to a repeated stimulus over time.
What is habituation?
Maslow’s highest level of human motivation in his hierarchy of needs.
What is self-actualization?
The largest professional organization for psychologists in the U.S
What is the American Psychological Association (APA)?
this variable is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effects
What is the independent variable?
These chemical messengers travel across synapses to transmit signals between neurons.
What are neurotransmitters?
This type of memory holds sensory information for a very brief time.
What is sensory memory?
Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development where teenagers search for their identity.
What is identity vs. role confusion?
This type of psychologist studies how people grow and change throughout life
What is a developmental psychologist?
A research method that examines the relationship between two variables but does not determine causation
What is a correlational study?
Answer: The protective layer that speeds up neural transmission in the brain.
What is the myelin sheath?
The inability to retrieve old memories after forming new ones.
What is retroactive interference?
The theory that personality is influenced by the interaction of behavior, cognitive factors, and the environment.
What is reciprocal determinism?