Chemical Properties
What is the chemical formula of limestone?
CaCO₃ (Calcium Carbonate)
What is the name of the process that uses lime to neutralize acidity in water bodies?
Liming
How does liming help aquatic life?
Restores pH balance to allow fish and other organisms to survive
Why is the Great Lakes' acidification increasing?
Rise in CO₂ levels from human activities
What is one downside of using lime in water treatment?
Need for continuous application
What is produced when quicklime (CaO) reacts with water?
Slaked lime (Ca(OH)₂)
How is lime applied to large bodies of water?
Boats, helicopters, and direct application
How does liming prevent toxic metals like aluminum from harming aquatic ecosystems?
By reducing acidity and preventing metal leaching
What is one of the biggest causes of water acidification?
Acid rain
What happens if too much lime is added to a body of water?
Increased water hardness and nutrient imbalances
What is the name of the process that involves heating limestone to produce quicklime?
Calcination
What type of facility is used to produce quicklime from limestone?
Kiln
What economic sector benefits greatly from maintaining proper pH levels in the Great Lakes?
Fishing industry
Why is liming considered a temporary solution?
Because acidification can return if pollution continues
What economic cost is associated with acidified water corroding infrastructure?
Damage to pipes and plumbing systems
What type of reaction occurs when quicklime is mixed with water?
Exothermic reaction
How does liming help protect human health?
Prevents toxic metal contamination in drinking water
How many lakes in Sweden had received limestone treatment by 1988?
5,000
Why is liming an expensive process?
Cost of mining, transportation, and frequent application
What are the three main forms of lime?
Limestone (CaCO₃), quicklime (CaO), and slaked lime (Ca(OH)₂)
What is a method used to release lime continuously into water bodies?
Lime dosing stations
What are some human health issues caused by acidic water?
Tooth enamel erosion, gum damage, and gastrointestinal issues
How does acidic water impact amphibians?
Interferes with reproduction and increases vulnerability to disease
How can liming negatively impact biodiversity?
Disrupts natural nutrient levels and harms sensitive species