Do These Genes Make Me Look Fat?
If you were to clone a sheep, what would you need to remove from the donated egg cell before you start?
What is the nucleus
An x-shaped bundle of DNA, this thing is two chromatids joined together in the middle.
What is a chromosome
Normally, in RNA, the nitrogenous base "adenine" pairs with this nitrogenous base.
(hint: only RNA has it)
What is uracil
This organelle is used as evidence for the endosymbiotic theory because it has DNA like a bacteria, a double membrane, and reproduces by itself. It also makes ATP for your cells...
What is a mitochondria
These preserved remains of once-living organisms could be bones, imprints, shells, or anything else that can be preserved in rock.
What is a fossil
If you inherited 2 of the same genes (for example, 2 genes for brown eyes) one from your father and one from your mother, you would be considered this.
What is homozygous
A cell with only 1/2 of the DNA that a normal cell has would be called this.
What is a gamete (a haploid cell)
A deletion or insertion mutation is also sometimes called this, because it will move and change all of the letters in the genetic code after that mutation.
What is a frameshift mutation
The human tailbone, the wings of an ostrich, and the leg bones of a snake are all example of these types of structures that are no longer used...
What are vestigial structures
Gases used in the Miller-Urey experiment were shown to be able to spontaneously produce these protein building blocks.
What are amino acids
When 23 chromosomes from a father unite with 23 chromosomes from a mother, this is what we call the cell that is formed.
What is a zygote
This little loop of bacterial DNA can be removed and edited during the process of genetic engineering.
What is a plasmid
This is a type of mutation in which one single base letter has been changed (inserted, deleted or swapped) in the genetic code.
What is a point mutation
What are homologous structures
The "family" of primates that includes chimps, gorillas, orangutans, gibbons and humans.
What are hominids
Organisms that reproduce this way don't change much from one generation to the next because their reproduction is sort of like cloning...
What is asexual reproduction
This is the enzyme that is responsible for splitting the DNA double-helix during DNA replication.
What is helicase
Specifically, what kind of point mutation is this?
Original DNA: AAC GCA TTC ATA
Mutated DNA: AAC GCA TCC ATA
What is a substitution mutation
This type of evolution occurs when two things have a relationship and so evolve together, like the speed of a cheetah and the speed of a gazelle, for example.
What is coevolution
One of our oldest bipedal ancestors ever found was the fossil of "Lucy," also known by this scientific name.
Australopithecus afarensis
If a colorblind woman and a normal man have a child, what is the probability that their child will also be colorblind?
50%
A nucleotide (a unit of DNA/RNA) is made of these three parts:
What is a sugar, a phosphate, and a base
Downs Syndrome is an example of this type of mutation in which an entire extra chromosome is inherited.
What is a nondisjunction mutation
In gradualism, evolution happens slowly over long periods of time, but in this type of evolution, change happens quickly followed by long periods of stability.
What is punctuated equilibrium
This type of evolution happens when things living in similar environments evolve in similar ways, like for example how sharks & dolphins have similar body shapes because they swim fast through the ocean.
(hint: helps explain analogous structures)
What is convergent evolution