Cardiovascular Medicine
Primary imaging modality to evaluate aortic stenosis
TTE
CPAP treatment alternative for mild/moderate OSA
Oral appliance
Most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Most common cause of hypertonic hyponatremia
Hyperglycemia
Initial treatment of ocular and mild generalized myasthenia
Pyridostigmine
Drug infused during pharmacologuc stress echocardiography
Dobutamine
First-line therapy for PAH if tolerated
Endothelin-1 receptor antagonist plus PDE-5 inhibitor
Most common reason for blood culture-negative endocarditis
Pre-culture antibiotic administration
Electrolyte cause of refractory hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Typical temporal lobe epilepsy symptoms
Aura, loss of awareness, staring, behavioral arrest, amnesia
Indications for ABI measurement
Exertional leg symptoms, nonhealing leg ulcers, atypical leg symptoms
Conditions causing an elevation in DLCO
Pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage, left-to-right shunt, asthma
Management of prosthetic joint infection
Two-stage procedure with device removal and antibiotic course followed by new device implantation
Urine sediment in ATN
Pigmented granular or muddy brown casts and tubular epithelial cells and casts
Best treatments for epilepsy in older patients
Gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam
Cardiac toxicity of anthracyclines
Irreversible dilated cardiomyopathy
Symptoms and history suggestive of mesothelioma
Asbestos exposure, chest pain, night sweats, recurrent pleural effusion
Neuramidine inhibitor treatments for influenza
Oseltamivir (oral), zanamivir (inhaled), peramivir (IV)
Albumin-corrected anion gap correction
Anion Gap + 2.5 X (Normal Albumin - Measured Albumin)
Dopamine transporter scan indication
Differentiate Parkinson disease from essential tremor or drug-induced parkinsonism
Imaging to distinguish different subtypes of cardiac amyloid
99m-Technetium pyrophosphate scintigraphy
Diagnostic test for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Aspergillus-specific IgE and IgG; total IgE; Aspergillus antigen skin test; blood eosinophil
Postexposure treatment for bioterrorism-related anthrax
Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, or doxycycline plus vaccination
Treatment of ethylene glycol toxicity
IV fluids, fomepizole, hemodialysis
Exercise-induced weakness, cramping, myoglobinuria
McArdle disease, carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency