Criminal Law
What is a crime?
An act or omission that violates criminal law.
What is a crime scene?
What is a crime scene?
Which amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?
The Fourth Amendment.
What is the primary role of police?
To enforce laws, protect the public, and preserve order.
Who determines guilt or innocence in a criminal trial?
The judge or jury, depending on the type of trial.
What is mens rea?
The guilty mind or criminal intent.
What is physical evidence?
Tangible material that may help establish facts about a crime.
Which amendment protects against compelled self-incrimination?
The Fifth Amendment.
What does DEA stand for?
Drug Enforcement Administration.
What is the presumption of innocence?
The accused is presumed innocent unless the prosecution proves guilt.
What is actus reus?
The guilty act or prohibited conduct.
What is chain of custody?
Documentation of evidence collection, transfer, storage, and handling.
What case established Miranda warnings for custodial interrogation?
Miranda v. Arizona (1966).
What do fish and game wardens enforce?
Wildlife, hunting, fishing, and related conservation laws.
What is the prosecution's burden of proof at a criminal trial?
Beyond a reasonable doubt.
What is a felony?
A serious crime generally punishable by more than one year of imprisonment.
What is the purpose of securing a crime scene?
To prevent contamination, loss, or alteration of evidence.
Which amendment guarantees the right to counsel in criminal prosecutions?
The Sixth Amendment.
What is probable cause?
Facts and circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime occurred or evidence will be found.
What is probation?
Court-ordered supervision in the community under specified conditions.
What is the difference between murder and manslaughter?
Murder generally involves unlawful killing with the required malice; manslaughter generally involves unlawful killing without that level of malice.
What is the purpose of a forensic DNA analysis?
To compare biological material and help associate or exclude individuals.
What did Gideon v. Wainwright establish?
The right to appointed counsel for indigent defendants in felony cases in state court.
What is the purpose of body-worn cameras?
To document encounters, support accountability, and provide potential evidence.
What is the difference between jail and prison?
Jails generally hold people awaiting trial or serving shorter sentences; prisons generally hold people serving longer sentences.