Identifying Parts of Argument
Students should have shorter school days.
What is a claim?
A type of traditional argument that includes a Claim, Support, Warrant, Backing, Rebuttal, and Qualifer.
What is the Toulmin model?
A type of evidence that cannot be argued against.
What is a fact?
A fallacy that argues that the majority of people believe or do something so that means it's good
What is the bandwagon fallacy?
Type of proof that focuses on observable evidence and reasoning.
What is logos?
Studies show that shorter school days improve student focus and performance.
What is evidence?
The main overall argument.
What is the claim?
A type of evidence that contains quantities that may change over time.
What is a statistic?
A personal attack on character rather than policies or ideas.
What is the ad hominem fallacy?
What is ethos?
Students perform better academically when they are focused and awake.
What is a warrant?
The condition for when the claim is true.
What is the qualifier?
A type of evidence that depends on what someone saw or experienced.
What is an eyewitness testimony?
Comparing the topic of your argument to something else unfairly
What is the false analogy fallacy?
Type of proof that uses emotion.
What is pathos?
Most students benefit from shorter days, though some may need extra time for specific subjects.
What is a qualifier?
The support for the warrant.
What is the backing?
A type of evidence that uses the knowledge or expertise of someone with the credentials to speak on a topic.
What is an expert testimony?
Attributing a false argument to an opponent and harshly refuting it.
What is the straw man fallacy?
What is logic / logos?
Some argue that a shorter day may reduce time for extracurricular activities or remedial lessons.
What is a rebuttal?
The underlying implicit assumption an audience needs to believe in order to buy into the argument.
What is the warrant?
It's best to use this type of evidence when arguing for a claim.
What is a variety/ all of the types of evidence?
Irrelevant or misleading "support" meant to distract.
What is a red herring?
Appeals used to create a stronger and more persuasive argument.
What is ethos, pathos AND logos?