Vocabulary
What is a colony?
a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.
What was the salt march?
An act of non-violent civil disobedience to protest British rule in India. Gandhi led his followers to the sea to protest the government monopoly on salt
Which country controlled Vietnam during the first half of the 1900s?
France
Africa was colonized by countries from which continent?
Europe
What were the major alliances during the Cold War?
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
Define decolonization
the action or process of a state withdrawing from a former colony, leaving it independent
What is the partition of India?
When British India was split into two countries India and Pakistan along religious lines in 1947
How would you describe Ho Chi Minh's approach to declonization?
Violent, Ho Chi Minh believed the Vietnamese needed to continuously attack the French until they collapsed.
Decolonization in Africa occurred during what time period?
What does non-alignment mean during the Cold War?
A country not siding with either superpower (US and USSR)
Define civil disobedience
the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest
What were the two major political parties pushing for independence in British India?
The Indian National Congress and Muslim League
Why did the US refuse to support Ho Chi Minh and the Vietnamese independence movement?
They did not want to hurt their relationship with France
What is Pan-Africanism?
How did the expansion of Cold War blocs (alliances) threaten newly independent countries?
Threat of war or proxy wars
Define nationalism
identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations
Why did the Partition of India occur?
Religious tensions between hindus and muslims as a result of Britain's divide and rule policy
What was the significance of the battle of Bien Dien Phu?
Vietnamese victory caused the French to leave Vietnam for good.
African leaders turned to which country for support during decolonization?
Soviet Union
Why might a newly independent country choose non-alignment?
Avoiding getting pulled into a war, getting support from both the US and USSR
British government divided Hindus and Muslims and pitted them against each other to make them easier to control
What is Kashmir? Why does it matter?
Kashmir is a region in Northern India. Both Pakistan and India claim it and they have fought for decades over control of the region.
The partition of Vietnam directly led to which future conflict?
The Vietnam War
Who were the leaders of the independence movements in Ghana and Kenya?
Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana) and Jomo Kenyatta (Kenya)
What is the Bandung Conference? Why was it important?
Gathering of Asian and African nations to discuss peace in 1955, led to the creation of the non-alignment movement