Sources and Artefacts
Agriculture
Cultures and Customs
Aquaculture
Fire
100
This piece of information was made at the time it discusses, or before the Europeans arrived
Primary Sources
100
The two main products First Nations people grew and harvested were
Grains and Yams
100
What are songlines?
Routes across Australia that First Nations people have used for thousands of years.
First Nations people would use songlines to travel from one group to another, trading as they did so.
100
Aquaculture is
Aquaculture is the breeding, growing, and harvesting of fish, shellfish, algae, and other organisms in water environments.
100
What is the totem that First Nations people used to start fires?
A fire stick.
200
This piece of information was made after the time it discusses, or after the Europeans arrived
Secondary Sources
200
Describe where certain foods were grown in Australia and give reasons why.
People who lived in Inland areas that had low yearly rainfall grew grains. People closer to the coast grew yams because they had higher rainfall.
200
An example of a funerary custom of First Nations people is...
Ceremonial practices, traditional burial practices and mourning periods.
200
Which Site is this?
Budj Bim Eel Traps
200
Provide three reasons First Nations people used fire.
Fires were used to:
- Regenerate soil to encourage certain plant growth (medicines and plants certain animals are)
- Remove weeds and useless grasses
- Maintain landscapes that suited hunting
- Reduce fuel loads to prevent massive bushfire events
- Protect sacred sites
- Maintain trade routes
300
What type of source is this traditional boomerang?
A Primary Source
300
First Nations people harvested yams using
Digging Sticks
300
a natural object, plant or animal that is inherited by members of a Clan or family as their spiritual emblem.
Totems
300
Explain how they caught eels using the traps
The Ancient Gunditjmara People built a dam like structures to limit the space eels and fish could travel through. They then used traps made from coiled reeds and placed them in the opening. Only the women made the traps. The eels would swim into the traps and this was essentially an ancient method of automatic aquaculture.
300
What knowledge is needed for fire-stick farming to work?
Reading the country - kind of plants, soil
Time of month / year to burn so it doesn't get too intense
Burn in a circle to give animals time to escape
400
What type of source is this Museum Display?
A secondary source.
400
Grindstones were used for
Grindstones were used to grind up grain, making a powder/flour which was baked into bread.
400
Provide the name of one of the songlines we looked at in class.
Seven Sisters Songline.
400
Explain the significance of the Kooyang Smoking Trees.
The Gunditjmara would find a tree hollow and burn it out, forming a chimney. Eels and fish were hung inside the chimney and smoke from the small fire lit inside the base of the tree would start the smoking process. The Ancient Gunditjmara People would use kooyang smoking trees to preserve eels so they could store and trade them. Smoking eels and fish preserved the meat to be stored for when food was scarce, or to be traded to other areas.
400
What are the benefits of fire-stick farming?
Reduces risk of bushfires, regenerates soil and kills of unwanted plants
500
What type of source is this Statue?
A Secondary source
500
Describe the historical significance of First Nations people's agricultural practices.
*in your answer, link to type of food, trade and tools*
teacher discretion
500
What is a mourning cap? Explain what it looked like, what it was used for and what they did with them once finished.
Mourning caps were worn throughout the mourning period which could last anywhere from a week to six months. All were predominantly white in colour - the traditional colour of the dead for most Indigenous Australian cultures. When the time of mourning was over, the mourning caps were removed and placed on the grave of the deceased.
500
Explain how the eel traps allowed First Nations people to build villages.
The Gunditjmara eel traps at Budj Bim meant people could stay and live there, they did not have to be nomadic.
500
Explain why First Nations peoples managed country using fire-stick farming.
They did it to protect their land, regenerate soil and kill of unwanted plant species. Sometimes they also used fire for cultural ceremonial practices.