people
A farmer who rented land from a seigneur.
Habitant
Workers who paddled canoes and carried heavy loads for long distances.
Voyageurs
A community run according to rank and authority.
Hierarchical society
A long conflict between First Nations over control of the fur trade.
Beaver Wars
A fortified settlement built for protection and trade.
Fort
A landowner who controlled large plots of land and the habitants on it.
Seigneur
A person who traded European goods for furs deep in Indigenous territory.
fur trader
A colony controlled fully by the king.
Royal colony
An agreement where groups support one another during trade or war.
Alliance
A river valley where most people in New France lived.
St. Lawrence River Valley
Young women sent to New France to help grow the population.
Filles du roi
Carrying canoes and goods over land from one waterway to another.
Portage
A land grant given by the king to nobles, priests, or officers.
Seigneury
The major First Nations allies of the French
Huron-Wendat
A settlement built along waterways to support transportation and trade.
Colony outpost
French explorers and independent fur traders who travelled into the interior.
Coureurs de bois
A trading post where furs were collected and exchanged.
Fort / Trading post
A French settler born in the colony.
Canadien
The economic competition between France and Britain in North America
Imperial rivalry
Farmland strips that stretched long and thin along a river.
Strip farms / Long lots
The system where colonies supplied raw materials to the home country to make it rich.
Mercantilism
The system where colonies supplied raw materials to the home country to make it rich.
Mercantilism
Goods shipped to France and exchanged for manufactured products.
Exports
A disease that spread quickly and weakened Indigenous communities.
Smallpox
A supply route connecting fur trade territories and settlements.
Trade network