Manongs
What does the term "manong" mean?
"Manong" is an Ilocano term of respect used to refer to a Filipino elder.
What was Larry Itliong’s nickname? How did he get this nickname?
“Seven fingers,” he lost his fingers in a cannery accident.
Larry Itliong worked alongside which leader in the United Farm Workers (UFW) union?
César Chávez
This country occupied the Philippines from 1898 to 1946.
United States
True or false: You can get extra credit for your first visit with Jenny at her office hours.
True! Please come if you need help with anything in the class, or if you just want to talk! :)
Why did many of the manongs remain unmarried throughout their lives, leading to a lost generation?
Due to the anti-miscegenation laws that banned interracial marriages, many Filipino men were unable to marry.
True or false: After Larry Itliong reached out to César Chávez and the Mexican farmworkers to strike together, Chávez immediately agreed to support the Filipino farmworkers.
False. César Chávez initially hesitated to support the strike, wanting to wait 2-3 years before joining forces with the Filipino farmworkers.
What was the main issue that led to the strike in Delano in 1965?
The Filipino farmworkers wanted better wages and working conditions.
During their occupation, students in the Philippines had to do this American pledge in schools:
The Pledge of Allegiance to the flag of the United States of America.
Filipino migrants were limited to what two jobs when arriving in the United States?
Farm and cannery work.
What were some of the social activities the manongs engaged in during their free time?
They would dress up, go to dance halls, and spend money on ten cent dances with dance hall girls.
Larry Itliong managed to get married, even with the anti-miscegenation laws in place. How many times did he get married?
Four times.
What was one of the major strategies used to gain attention and support for the farmworkers during the strike?
The national grape boycott.
Fill in the blank: American __________ induced Filipinos to migrate to the United States.
propaganda
What is the name of the Tagalog unity clap that both of the Filipino and Latino farm workers did after a long day in the fields?
Isang bagsak (translates to “one down”).
What did the manongs get for Junior after he graduated from high school?
A brand new 1964 Buick car, with $500 inside the glove compartment for him to use for college.
Did Larry Itliong always get along with César Chávez?
No. Itliong and Chávez’s leadership styles often clashed as they worked together in the UFW because of their different approaches to union work.
How did the growers try to break the strike by pitting the farmworkers against each other?
By paying Mexican farmworkers more and encouraging them to cross picket lines, weakening the Filipino farmworkers' strike efforts.
Other than the anti-miscegenation laws, what were Filipinos banned from doing?
There were laws that barred them from voting, owning property, or starting businesses.
What is the name of this Filipino leader who worked alongside Larry Itliong in the United Farm Workers union?
Philip Vera Cruz
What was the major language barrier faced by the manongs when they first arrived in the U.S.? How did they manage to negotiate with the growers on the farm with this language barrier?
Many of them did not read, write, or speak English. The manongs would pick one of them out of the group who could talk to the growers in broken English to negotiate with them.
True or false: Larry Itliong completely quit his work for the Filipino community after he left the UFW.
False. He continued advocating for the Filipino community and even left behind a vision of a retirement home for the Manongs, which was later built in 1974.
Why did the Filipino farmworkers feel they were left behind after the creation of the United Farm Workers union?
The new union rules favored local Mexican workers, pushing the Filipino workers to the sidelines.
Fill in the blank: In the 1920s and 30s, over ________ (number) Filipino men flocked to America seeking new opportunities.
100,000
What day and time are Jenny’s office hours? Where are they held?
Tuesdays, 1:00-2:30pm @ Building 700, Room 767E - 2nd floor (Outside Michael Lai’s office)