Background
What is the aim of the study?
To investigate the relationship between eye movements and dreaming. (Does dream recall differ between REM and NREM stages of sleep, Is there a positive correlation between estimate dream duration and REM period length? Are eye movements related to the dream content?)
What was the research method used?
Laboratory experiment
What was the average REM length in all participants
20 minutes
How are the procedures standardized/reliable (name 1)
All participants slept in the same conditions (quiet, dark room)
They were all woken up in the same way (loud doorbell)
All participants were woken up when an eye movement pattern lasted for at least a minute
All participants were asked to refrain from consuming caffeine and alcohol
who knows
What is one of Dement & Kleitman's hypothesis?
There will be a significant association between REM sleep and dreaming. (There will be a positive correlation between the estimate of dream duration and REM period length, There will be a significant association between eye movement patterns and dream content.)
What were the measures used in the study?
What was the range of REM sleep amount from all participants?
3-50 minutes
How were demand characteristics avoided?
Participants were not told whether they were in REM or NREM
What tastes better than it smells?
A tongue
What were the machines used to collect the psychometrics in the study
EEG, EOG (must answer both)
Name one IV and DV being tested
1. IV = amount of time in REM (5-15 mins)
DV = Whether they were able to guess how long they were dreaming
2. IV = Whether they woke up from REM or NREM
DV = Whether they were able to recall the dream or not
3. IV = Eye movement patterns in REM
DV = Dream Content
What was the dream recall percentage for participants in REM sleep?
79.6%
Yes
Sleeping in a lab would not be a normal occurrence for most participants (not in their usual environment), furthermore, some participants daily routines of drinking alcohol and caffeine were disrupted, thus may experience atypical dreams
Why do dads carry 2 pairs of socks when they go golfing?
In case they get a hole in one
Which machine tracks eye movement? (must say full name, not abbreviation)
Electrooculogram
What was the sample of the study (Gender)
9 adults, 7 males, 2 females, all from the USA
What was the accuracy of participants estimations on how long they were in REM sleep for the 5 and 15 minute category?
88% (5 mins), 78% (15 mins)
Was the study generalisable and why?
Yes
Because the sample included both males and females
No
Because they were all similar ages, there were more men than women and they were all from the same country
What kind of vegetable needs a plumber?
A leek
What is the the difference between REM and NREM sleep? (dreams)
The difference between REM and NREM would be that REM is when people dream, while in NREM, people cannot dream.
What were the initials of the 5 participants studied in detail
DN, IR, KC, WD, PM
State example dreams in which participants experienced vertical and horizontal eye movement
Vertical: Bottom of a cliff operating a hoist, throwing basketballs (looking down to pick them up, looking up to shoot), climbing ladder (looking up and down)
Horizontal: looking at 2 people throwing tomatoes
How was a participant ethically harmed in the study? (Must name the participant)
Participant WD was told they were woken up during the wrong sleep stage, thus they may have tried to recall dream content harder, which may have caused him psychological distress, which is a violation of ethical code/guidelines.
Jim is is six feet tall, he works at a butcher's, gets rated a 9 out of 10 by most females, is fairly built, and wears size ten shoes.
What does he weigh?
Meat