Population Basics
What is the total number of people living in a specific area called?
Population
What is the number of births per 1,000 people per year?
Birth rate
What is the movement of people from one place to another called?
Migration
What does the shape of a population pyramid show?
Age and gender distribution
Who developed the theory linking population growth and food supply?
Thomas Malthus
What do we call the study of population characteristics?
Demography
What is the number of deaths per 1,000 people per year?
Death rate
What do we call the movement of people from countryside to city?
Urbanization
A wide base and narrow top suggest what type of population?
Rapidly growing / youthful population
What theory suggests that population growth slows naturally as countries industrialize?
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
The rate at which the population of a country increases per year is called?
Population growth rate
What do we call the number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime?
Total Fertility Rate
What are the two main types of migration?
Internal and international
A narrow base and wider top suggest what?
Aging / shrinking population
What stage of the DTM has low birth and death rates with stable population?
Stage 4
What term describes the number of people per square kilometer?
Population density
What is the average number of years a person is expected to live?
Life expectancy
Give one example of a push factor for migration
War, poverty, natural disaster
What is the typical shape of a stable population pyramid?
Rectangular or column-shaped
Name one country currently experiencing negative population growth.
Japan / Italy / Germany (any correct)
Name one factor that affects how population is distributed around the world.
Climate / resources / economy / history (any reasonable answer)
What type of country usually has a high birth rate and a high death rate?
Developing or low-income country
Give one example of a pull factor for migration.
Jobs, education, safety, better services
How can governments respond to an aging population?
Pension reform, immigration, pro-natalist policies
Name one country with rapid population growth and explain one reason why.
Example: Nigeria – high fertility rate due to low access to contraception