Population Distribution & Population Density
Name two countries with the highest population in the world.
China & India.
What is net migration?
the yearly gain or loss of population from movement of people in or out (immigration MINUS emigration)
is a model of population change in which high birth & death rates are replaced by low birth & death rates.
What is the aim of a population control policy?
Control rapidly increasing population.
Population pyramids divide the population into _______ age groups on the vertical scale
5-year
What is population distribution?
Distribution refers to how people are spread/spaced across Earth's surface.
What is the difference between push and pull factors? Provide 2 examples of each (any region)
- push factor --> factors that make people move out of a region.
- pull factors --> factors that influence/attract people to move into a region.
Why do birth rates fall in stage 3 of the DTM?
Family planning, contraceptives, lower infant mortality (less pressure to have more children), less desire for larger families, increased incentive for smaller families, enabling women to have careers rather than solely being child-bearers.
Name 3 countries that have implemented a one-child policy.
•India
•Pakistan
•Kenya
•Turkey
•Egypt
- China
What shape is a population pyramid for a stable population?
What is population density?
Density relates to the number of individuals in a given area divided by size of the area (land size & population size).
The total population of an area is a balance between two forces of change _______ & _______.
natural increase & migration
Describe how the education of woman can affect the fertility rates of a country.
- can lower the fertility rate of a country (fertility rate= avg number of children born alive to a woman).
The increased education of women leads to more awareness on birth control, spending more time on their careers rather than traditional roles of having children.
Name two benefits of a one-child policy.
Benefits:
•Control a rapidly increasing population
•Birth rate was lowered from 6 to 1.5
•Provides economic benefits (less pressure on resources)
•Greater increase in people’s standards of living.
How does the base of a population pyramid compare to the top of the pyramid for a rapidly growing population?
Base is larger (more people in the pre-reproductive years than in post).
What patterns do we notice about the population distribution across Canada? (how are people spread out)?
- More people settle in the south because of climate conditions (Winters are harsh in the north), urban areas, accessibility of goods in the south.
What human-environmental interactions/associations did we see in the Stanley Park Case Study?
- Migration of European settlers into Stanley Park caused the internal displacement of Indigenous peoples from their villages.
- Manipulating the environment to make it into a tourist attraction (ie: Lost Lagoon drained and cut off from Coal Harbour, imported squirrels, etc).
What does the birth rate, death rate & natural increase look like in Stage 3 of the DTM?
Birth rate is falling. Death rate falls more slowly. Natural increase (increases slow down).
Name two problems associated with a one-child policy.
Problems:
•Abortions (trauma)
•Mental health issues (losing a child, guilt/shame for having siblings)
•Guilt by people carrying out these policies.
•Birth rate (1.5) is lower than replacement rate (2.1)
•International criticism on grounds of human right
Name one country that has a declining population in 2022 (not Japan).
Germany
The population density of Monaco is higher than the population density of Canada.
The land size of Monaco is smaller than Canada's.
Over the course of several years, there has been a large movement of people (migration) from rural and towards urbanization. Explain why people move from rural (countryside) towards urban area (cities)
- employment opportunities, education, availability of stores (malls, groceries, etc).
- answers will vary.
Explain what the birth and death rates look like in Stage 1 of the DTM & the reasons for such trends.
High birth rates
- no birth control/family planning, some religious beliefs encouraging larger families, many children dying in infancy so families having more children in hopes that they will survive.
High death rates
- Disease, poor diet, famine, uncertain food supplies, poor hygiene, little medical science, few doctors, poor healthcare, wars.
What long-term effects can a population control policy have on a country?
Declining population
Describe two problems that might arise in future because of the ageing population structure and suggest how these problems might be managed.
Answers will vary
Declining population, Lack of workforce, Economic effects
Govt response - trying to increase birth rates/encouraging people to have families).