Regarding X-ray beam quality and Radiation characteristics, we want ( ) wavelengths, ( ) frequency.
What is shorter and higher?
100
Increase mA and kilovoltage for increased density, making the image appear to be this.
What is darker?
100
X-ray beam quantity is controlled by this.
What is milliamperage , (mA)?
100
Quality is controlled by this.
What is kilovoltage?
100
This contains the leaded glass housing for the anode and cathode, a vacuum tube and glass.
What is x-ray tube?
200
This determines energy and penetrating power of radiation.
What is wavelength?
200
The product of the quantity and quality per unit area per unit time of exposure.
What is x-ray beam intensity?
200
The number of x-rays produced in the dental unit.
What is quantity?
200
Image produced with a higher kilovoltage exhibits low this and many shades of gray.
What is contrast.
200
A metal plate with an opening, can be used to restrict the size of the beam.
What is a collimating device?
300
Interval of time during which x-rays are produced. It is also 1/60th of a second resulting from alternating current.
What is impulses?
300
The thickness of a particular material that reduces the intensity by half.
What is HVL, half-value layer?
300
In dental radiography, mA's ranges from these two numbers. If greater than ( ) excessive heat will be produced.
What is 7-15, 15?
300
The quality or wavelength and energy of the x-ray beam is controlled by this.
What is kilovolt peak?
300
Step-up or Step-down! This alters the voltage of the incoming electrical current and then routes the electrical energy to the x-ray tube.
What is a transformer?
400
An inverse relationship, increasing mA will decrease this.
What is exposure time?
400
Target-surface (source to patient's skin)
Target-object (source to patient's tooth)
Target-receptor (source to receptor)
These are all examples of how density of the x-ray beam is affect by this.
What is distance?
400
Increase amperage, increases the # of electrons from ( )to( )-increase the # of x-rays.
What is cathode to anode?
400
In relation to kilovoltage peak and contrast, low kVP (65-70) contains many black and white areas. Good for detecting these.
What is caries.
400
Sheets of 0.5-mm-thick aluminum placed in the path of the x-ray beam, acting as a filter of the longer wavelength x-rays.
What are aluminum disks?
500
When the distance is doubled, the beam is one quarter as intense.
What is Inverse Square Law?
500
Think of a flashlight: the further away the light reaches, the larger the area it covers and less ( ) the light becomes.
What is intense?
500
This regulates the temperature of the cathode filament. When it is high, the temperature increases as well as the # of electrons produced and the # of x-rays coming out of the tube.
What is Milliamperage , mA?
500
High kVP (greater or equal to 90) containing many shades of gray and are good for detecting these two diseases.
What is periodontal, gum, and periapical, absesses?
500
Located within the cathode, this focuses the electrons into a narrow beam an directs the beam across the tube toward the tungsten target of the anode.