Rapid Prototyping
What is the difference between additive and subtractive techniques?
Adidtive - The addition of material to create a whole.
Subtractive - The removal of material from a whole.
Why are freehand drawings used?
Used to quickly generate ideas and communicate them with other people
What is a scale model?
Smaller or larger physical copy of a product, lets you see and understand something that would be hard to visualize at 1:1 scale
What is the difference between bottom-up and top-down models?
BU - Designers know what the product has to do, but might not have an overall idea how the product will be put together or work
TD - There is already an overall vision for how the product will be constructed
The fast fabrication of either models, parts, assemblies from CAD files
What is the difference between working drawings and part drawings?
Working drawings - Drawings that are used to guide the production of a product
Part drawings - Orthographic drawings of the components of an assembly containing details just about that component
Name all the types of physical models
Scale, Aesthetic, Instrumented, Prototypes, Mock-ups
Which two things are digital humans used for?
Product development, Workspace development
Name 2 pros and cons of SLS
Pros - High productivity (fast), Ideal for dying and colouring, Reduced product development time
Cons - Smaller material choice, High waste, Can shrink when cooling
Name all types of graphical models
Freehand, Orthographic, Isometric, Exploded, Assembly, Perspective
What is the difference between instrumented and aesthetic models
Instrumented - equipped with the ability to take measurements to provide accurate quantitative data for analysis
Aesthetic - developed to look and feel like the final product
Define motion capture
The recording of human and animal movement by any means (by video, magnetic or electro-mechanical devices)
Name all the types of rapid prototyping
Fused deposition modelling (FDM), Stereolithography apparatus (SLA), Laminated object manufacturing (LOM), Selective laser sintering (SLS)
What is the difference between exploded drawings and assembly drawings
Assembly - Shows how parts are put together. Shows the order they are put together
Exploded - Show the components of a product slightly separated in space, as if they had been pulled apart
To test aspects of a product against user requirements
Name all types of CAD modelling methods
Virtual Prototyping, Animation, Haptic Technology, Virtual Reality
How does SLA work?
Uses a combination of UV light and photopolymer resin. UV light is directed into the surface of resin to solidify it. The model is slowly risen in small increments, allowing the model to be built in layers.
Which types of drawing techniques are NOT formal drawing techniques?
Freehand, Orthographic, Exploded, Assembly
What are 2 Pros and Cons of physical modelling?
Pros -
Testing - allows real world testing for function and ergonomics
Visualisation - It is easier to understand the concept of a product when you can see it.
Identify problems - highlights problems not evident in sketches.
Cons -
Costly - Models use materials that cost.
Time consuming - Compared to Digital mockups, physical models take more time.
Require expertise to make - Model making is a skill, and takes experienced skilled makers
What is FEA used for?
The calculation and simulation of factors in products using CAD systems. Using data on the properties of different materials, such as hardness and weight, simulations can be run that test what will happen to a product under different conditions.