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Background/History
Uses and Side Effects
Research Findings/Future Research Areas
Prevention/Treatment
Special Implications for Counseling/New Implications
100
Define designer drugs. Give two examples.
Designer drugs are man-made drugs that are created synthetically in a lab. Ecstasy (MDMA), ketamine, GHB, LSD, methamphetamine, rohypnol, bath salts, china white, YABA
100
What are some of the unwanted side effects?
Hallucinations, panic attacks, aggressive behavior or feelings of paranoia
100
Research has shown that ecstasy can be used in what 2 treatments?
Treatment of anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
100
What is the most effective way to combat the use of designer drugs? Name two examples.
Prevention; peer-led advocacy, positive peer influence, & school/education
100
What is the latest drug craze mentioned in this section?
Snorting cocoa
200
Synthesized in 1960 and introduced into medicine. It began being used as a party drug in the late ‘90s and in 2000 it was federally scheduled as a “Schedule I” drug.
GHB
200
The side effects of the drug ketamine can produce desired effects as soon as _______ (minutes/hours), lasting for about _______ (minutes/hours)
2 to 5 minutes, lasting for about an hour or so
200
Intravenous infusions of Ketamine have potential in reducing the symptoms of _______.
severe depression
200
Name three treatment options for ketamine.
Outpatient, residential, or partial hospitalization treatment. Individual/group/family therapy Relapse-prevention instruction Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) Biofeedback & Neurofeedback Medication management Anger management Hypnotherapy Recreation therapy
200
Difference in approach to counseling for teenagers and adults?
Development of prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex is still in the process of maturation so risky or impulsive behaviors are common with this age group.
300
One of the first designer drugs was?
Morphine
300
What type of feelings would a person experience when taking a designer drug?
Feelings of exhilaration, prolonged periods of wakefulness, decreased appetite, extreme relaxation, amnesia and feelings of attachment
300
The use of ecstasy also increased communication between which two parts of the brain?
The amygdala and the hippocampus
300
What are some factors that treatment depends on?
age, gender, level of abuse, and past medical history
300
Why is treatment of designer drugs so difficult?
It is almost impossible to test for. People can pass drug tests because they are taking synthetic versions of specific drugs, making it hard to diagnose.