Tourism Cluster I
Which definition is TRUE?
A) Tourism cluster is a demographic concentration of companies and institutions interconnected in tourism activities.
B) Tourism cluster is a economic concentration of companies and institutions interconnected in tourism activities.
C) Tourism cluster is a geographic concentration of companies and institutions interconnected in tourism activities.
D) Tourism cluster is a sectoral concentration of companies and institutions interconnected in tourism activities.
C) Tourism cluster is a geographic concentration of companies and institutions interconnected in tourism activities.
Which type of cluster often integrates sustainability and conservation principles most directly?
A) Urban cluster
B) Cultural cluster
C) Ecotourism cluster
D) Health tourism cluster
C) Ecotourism cluster
Select the embryonic life cycle stages:
A) Involvement and Rejuvenation
B) Exploration and Involvement
C) Exploration and Consolidation
D) Involvement and Development
B) Exploration and Involvement
Select the growing life cycle stages:
A) Consolidation and Stagnation
B) Exploration and Involvement
C) Development and Consolidation
D) Stagnation and Decline
C) Development and Consolidation
Select the mature life cycle stages:
A) Exploration and Involvement
B) Decline or Rejuvenation
C) Exploration and Development
D) Stagnation
D) Stagnation
One of the following attributes is NOT an attribute of a tourism cluster:
A) Space
B) Cooperation backround
C) Tax revenue
D) Foundation rules
C) Tax revenue
Which of the following is NOT typically a type of tourism cluster?
A) Urban tourism cluster
B) Coastal tourism cluster
C) Industrial production cluster
D) Rural or agro-tourism cluster
C) Industrial production cluster
Select secondary tourism resources that explain the growth of rural and urban tourism destinations:
A) Religious Centres
B) Built environment
C) Shopping facilities
D) Indigenous Culture
C) Shopping facilities
What are the human factors that determine the development of tourist destinations?
A) Natural environment
B) Ecology
C) Climate
D) Affordability
D) Affordability
Tourism clusters in Azerbaijan:
A) Neftchala - Salyan
B) Gabala - Shaki
C) Lankaran - Salyan
D) Gadabay - Aghdam
B) Gabala - Shaki
The relations between enterprises and institutions and a tourism cluster can be understood in two ways:
A) Linear and circular;
B) Horizontal and vertical;
C) Mass and niche;
D) Intensive and extensive;
B) Horizontal and vertical;
Select the correct interrelation:
A) Cultural routes - Destination-based clusters
B) Seaside resorts - Thematic clusters
C) Ski-resort tourism - Destination-based clusters
D) Babymoon tourism - Destination-based clusters
C) Ski-resort tourism - Destination-based clusters
Select the correct answer:
A) State revenue and taxes in EXPLORATION AND INVOLVEMENT STAGE is high
B) State revenue and taxes in STAGNATION STAGE is low
C) State revenue and taxes in CONSOLIDATION STAGE is very low
D) State revenue and taxes in DEVELOPMENT STAGE is very low
B) State revenue and taxes in STAGNATION STAGE is low
Select the correct answer:
A) Marketing Expense in CONSOLIDATION STAGE is very low
B) Marketing Expense in DEVELOPMENT STAGE is low
C) Marketing Expense in FINAL STAGE is very high
D) Marketing Expense in EXPLORATION AND INVOLVEMENT STAGE is Increases
D) Marketing Expense in EXPLORATION AND INVOLVEMENT STAGE is Increases
Three main models of tourism cluster management depending on the degree of government intervention
A) North American, Western European, Middle East
B) North American, Eastern European, Asian
C) European, Western European, African
D) North American, Western European, Asian
D) North American, Western European, Asian
Clusters are classified according to the level of awareness:
A) for adults only / for young only
B) without any central entity / one central / coordinating entity
C) existing clusters / hidden clusters /potential clusters
D) traditional / modern
C) existing clusters / hidden clusters /potential clusters
Give examples of cross-border clusters:
A) Niagara falls, Victoria falls
B) Baykal, Antalya
C) Iguasu falls, Lankaran
D) Samur river, Moraine Lake
A) Niagara falls, Victoria falls
Select the correct answer:
A) Relations between locals and tourists in STAGNATION STAGE is very good
B) Relations between locals and tourists in EXPLORATION AND INVOLVEMENT STAGE is excellent C) Relations between locals and tourists in DEVELOPMENT STAGE is excellent
D) Relations between locals and tourists in CONSOLIDATION STAGE is very balanced
B) Relations between locals and tourists in EXPLORATION AND INVOLVEMENT STAGE is excellent
Who are generally niche tourists?
A) Allocentrics
B) Midcentrics
C) Psychocentrics
D) Heliocentrics
A) Allocentrics
Which is NOT the Cluster Management Organisation:
A) Media
B) Service providers
C) Libraries
D) Universities
C) Libraries
Where we can meet Danish model clusters– with so called cluster broker:
A) Thailand
B) Venesuela
C) Maldives
D) Australia
C) Maldives
Italian type cluster's characteristics:
A) Central role of R&D entity
B) Vertical ties
C) Horizontal ties
D) Cluster broker
C) Horizontal ties
Whar are the three basic use of destination life cycle approach to tourism studies by Cooper and Jackson (1989)?
A) As a sustainable development tool / As a tool for forecasting / As a tool for rural development
B) As a guide to strategic planning and development / As a tool for econometric researh / As a tool for modelling
C) As conceptual framework / As a tool for forecasting / For strategic planning and development
D) As conceptual framework / As a tool for urban development / As a guide to strategic planning and development
C) As conceptual framework / As a tool for forecasting / For strategic planning and development
Who is te author of "Growth Pole" theory?
A) Richard Butler
B) João J. Ferreira
C) Rebecca Hawkins
D) Francois Perroux
D) Francois Perroux
Select the elements of the concept "Supporting frame of the territorial structure" by N.Baransky
A) Culture, settlement
B) infrastructure, natural resources
C) production zones, polluted zones
D) less-developed zones, non-production zones
B) infrastructure, natural resources