Prenatal Dev
This is a term that refers to a human organism that has passed the 14 day milestone
What is an embryo?
According to Erikson a pre-school aged child who is learning to initiate tasks and be more independent is at this stage
What is initiative vs guilt?
This important milestone in physical development is considered the starting point for adolescence
What is puberty?
She presented a counter theory to Kohlberg to address the gender bias she saw in his research methodology
Who is Carol Gilligan?
According to Marcia, this is the status in which the adolescent does not have a sense of having identity choices
What is identity diffusion?
This survival behavior, or reflex, allows a newborn to support its own weight. This reflex disappears by the baby's first birthday
What is the grasping reflex?
This is an important cognitive benchmark in Piaget's sensorimotor stage
What is object permanence
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are most likely in this stage
What is identity vs role confusion
This is a central/unifying theme for Kohlberg's theory
What is justice?
According to Tatum's guiding assumptions, for people of color, racial identity development becomes apparent during this stage of life
What is adolescence?
These are substances or toxins that pass through the placenta and pose a great risk to prenatal development
What are teratogens?
This key developmental event happens during the preoperational stage
What is conservation?
According to Piaget, this is a key feature of the formal operational stage
What is abstract reasoning?
Kohlberg used this to assess a subjects level of moral development
What is a moral dilemma
This style of parenting is marked by imposing rules and expecting obedience
What is authoritarian
A specific teratogen can cause a condition that results in physical/facial abnormalities and cognitive delays.
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
These 3 elements contribute to a healthy infant parent bond/attachment
What are body contact, familiarity and responsiveness
These are key features of adolescent brain development
What are synaptic pruning and development of the frontal lobe/prefrontal cortex?
This stage of Kohlberg's theory is characterized by an internalized moral code influenced by universal ethical principles
What is postconventional moral reasoning.
While theorists suggest that the racial identity process starts late for people who identify as white, Dr. Hinderlie theorizes that the process can occur earlier under these conditions
What are cross-racial experiences in a racially diverse environment?
This term refers to the characteristic emotional excitability of a newborn. This characteristic remains relatively stable into adulthood.
What is temperament?
Children identified as securely attached between 12-18 months demonstrated this trait when restudied at age 2 and 3
What is confident/outgoing/persistent?
According to Erikson, adolescents strive to achieve these qualities as part of their maturation
What are intimacy and independence?
In this transitional phase, tensions between responsibility for caring for others and caring for self are faced.
What is Gilligan's conventional stage of moral development?
This parenting style is marked by submitting to children's desires and using little punishment. These parents are high warmth, but low discipline
What is permissive parenting style?