Psychosocial
A toddler insists on feeding herself despite making a mess. Which Erikson stage is this?
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
Which Piaget stage includes learning through senses and movement?
Sensorimotor
What type of play occurs from birth to about 2 years and focuses on exploring toys?
Exploratory Play
At about what age can a child usually drink from an open cup with minimal spilling?
~2 years
A 2-year-old wants to zip their own jacket. Which intervention BEST supports development?
A. Complete the task
B. Discourage attempts
C. Allow practice and provide minimal assistance
D. Wait until preschool
C. Allow practice and provide minimal assistance
According to Maslow, which need must be met before a child can focus on learning at school?
Physiological needs
Between 3–6 months, infants begin using objects primarily for what?
Simple object exploration (early object use)
Around 12–18 months, children begin pretending to feed a doll. What type of play is this?
Symbolic Play
At approximately what age is daytime bladder control typically achieved?
~3 years
A 4-year-old pretends a banana is a telephone. Which developmental skill is demonstrated?
A. Exploratory play
B. Symbolic play
C. Parallel play
D. Sensorimotor play
B. Symbolic play
A teenager is deciding on a future career and personal values. Which Erikson stage?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Around 6–9 months, what new cognitive skill emerges?
Simple problem solving (means-end behavior)
A 5-year-old invents imaginary superheroes and stories. What type of play?
Creative Play
At approximately what age can a child dress independently except for fasteners?
~4–5 years
A child understands conservation of liquid volume despite different-shaped containers. Which Piaget stage?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete Operational
D. Formal Operational
C. Concrete Operational
A client follows the rules because "that's what good people do." Which Kohlberg level?
Conventional Morality
Between 36–48 months, children begin to understand what cognitive concept?
Relationships between experiences/cause and effect
Which type of play becomes common from 7–12 years and includes organized sports and board games?
Games with Rules
Name one household chore appropriate for a 7–8-year-old.
Makes bed, sets table, feeds pet, sorts laundry, etc.
An adolescent chooses a career based on personal values rather than parental expectations. Which Erikson stage?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
An OT allows a client to choose between two treatment activities to improve motivation. Which Ryan & Deci need is being supported?
Autonomy
A 9-year-old understands conservation and classifies objects by multiple features. Which Piaget stage?
Concrete Operational
During an OT session, a 4-year-old uses a cardboard box as a spaceship. Which play stage is MOST appropriate?
Creative Play
An OT asks an 11-year-old to plan a grocery list and prepare a simple snack. Which area of occupation is primarily being addressed?
IADLs
During therapy, an OT offers activity choices, grades tasks for success, and builds rapport to increase participation. Which theory BEST explains this approach?
A. Kohlberg
B. Piaget
C. Ryan & Deci Self-Determination Theory
D. Maslow
C. Ryan & Deci Self-Determination Theory