Features of Society
This encompasses the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people that are passed on from generation to generation.
What is culture?
This psychologist relied on psychoanalysis and described childhood as a period of psychosexual conflict.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
This word indicates the ability of the brain to grow new dendrites, prune old ones, and change.
What is brain plasticity?
B. F. Skinner, a behaviorist, would argue that these are the most important things that shape development.
What are rewards and punishments?
The units of hereditary information, are short segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). They help cells to reproduce themselves and to assemble proteins.
What are genes?
A person's position within society based on occupational, educational, and economic characteristics.
What is socioeconomic status (SES)?
His stages of moral development include preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.
Who is Lawrence Kohlberg?
This prenatal life-support system consists of a sac containing a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats.
What is a placenta?
Albert Bandura's most recent model of learning and development includes three elements: behavior, the environment, and _____________.
What is the person/cognition?
This is the way an individual's genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics.
What is a phenotype?
This is a government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens
What is social policy?
His stages of cognitive development include sensorimotor, preoperational thought, concrete operational thought, and formal operational thought.
Who is Jean Piaget?
In the second year of life, humans develop this physical skill that helps them grasp writing utensils, sewing needles, and small tools.
What is fine motor skill?
Charles Darwin introduced this theory of this concept by natural selection in 1859.
What is natural selection?
In some cases of genotypic expression, one gene of a pair always exerts its effects, overriding the potential influence of the other gene
What is dominant-recessive?
These processes involve changes in the individual's relationships with other people, changes in emotions, and changes in personality.
What are socioemotional?
His stages of psychosocial development include: Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, Integrity vs. Despair.
Who is Erik Erikson?
Which part of the brain that relates to control and decision making is not fully formed until age 25ish?
What is the prefrontal cortex?
This is psychology's newest approach, and it emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping behavior.
What is evolutionary psychology?
This system is responsible for processing emotions and rewards.
What is the limbic system?
These cultures espouse a collectivist attitude and put the welfare of the group above individuality.
What are eastern or Asian cultures?
In his theory, children take an active role in development and construct knowledge that relies a lot on social interaction and communication.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
This fatty substance is responsible for protecting axons and improving the speed of neural transmission.
What is myelin?
Paul Baltes says that natural selection among humans operates mainly during the _____ of life.
What is the first half of life?
This view emphasizes that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and environment.
What is the epigenetic view?