Concepts
What is this concept?
Conditions or attributes in individuals, families or the larger society that, when present, lessen or eliminate the risk of cognitive impairment or delayed development.
Protective Factors
An experiment in which the researchers know which participants are receiving a treatment and which are not; however, the participants do not know which condition they are in.
Single-blind testing
What developmental theory makes use of "Zone of Proximal Development"?
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of Development
What study concluded that children in the pre-operational stage of development show egocentric thinking?
Piaget & Inhelder (Three mountain task)
What does ACE stand for?
Adverse childhood experiences
What type of design is this?
Research over a period of time using observations, interviews, or psychometric testing as members of a cohort age. (Similar to a repeated measures design in an experiment).
Longitudinal Design
What theory makes use of the concept "MKO" (And what does it stand for)
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of development
Name a case study related to trauma and resilience
Curtiss (1977) - Genie
Koluchova (1972) - Czech twins
A hormone that is released by the pituitary gland and is believed to be responsible for human behaviors associated with attachment and bonding.
Oxytocin
What is this concept?
Characterized by preoccupation with one's own internal world. Piaget explained why a child was not able to understand another perspective than their own.
Egocentrism
What is the name of this Design?
Comparing two or more groups on a particular variable at a specific time in development.
e.g. Chugani
Cross-sectional design
Name 3 of Piagets 4 stages of cognitive development
Phase 1: Sensorimotor intelligence (0-2 years)
Phase 2: Pre-operational thought (2-7 years)
Phase 3: Concrete operational thought (7-11 years)
Phase 4: Formal operational thought (11+ years)
A measurement that reflects the degree to which someone is liked or disliked by their peers as a group.
Sociometric Status
A type of play that develops at around age two and marks the beginning of representational thought through the use of substitute objects or actions. These are are "pretending" behaviours.
Emerges with the development of Language
Symbolic play
A study that attempts to find a correlation between two variables by collecting data early in the life of cohort member(s) and then continuing to test them over a period of time to measure change and development.
e.g. Giedd et al
Prospective research
Brain development results from genetic mechanisms
Maturation theory
What study found a Response-dose relationship between institutionalization and both cognitive impairment and attachment disorders.
Rutter et al. (2007) - Romanian children from depriving communist orphanages adopted in UK
Children's practice of some useful behaviour outside its usual context. Repetition of already mastered skills
Practice play
The change in effect on an individual caused by differing levels of exposure to a stressor after a certain exposure time.
Dose-response relationship
This theory argues that there is a maximum capacity for our working memory and when that capacity is reached, learning cannot take place.
Cognitive Load Theory