Social-Emotional Development
These are rules, sometimes unstated, that dictate acceptable and unacceptable behavior in social situations.
What are social norms?
This section of a research paper describes the findings in relation to the literature review and practical applications.
What is the discussion section?
This component of the memory system makes sense of the information from sensory memory and can hold an average of 7-9 pieces of information at a given time.
What is working memory?
This "self" term reflects one's emotional feelings about oneself.
What is self-esteem?
This theory of cognitive development describes development as occurring through social interaction and within a cultural context. It emphasizes the role of a more knowledgeable other in promoting development.
What is Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development?
This type of bias occurs when individuals perceive aggression or hostility in the world and people around them, often when there is none.
What is hostile attribution bias?
This type of research is characterized by statistical analysis and high numbers of subjects.
Quantitative research
This approach to teaching reading focuses on letter-sound correspondence and decoding written words.
What is phonics?
This term describes how we see ourselves in relation to social roles and norms. It is often used incorrectly to describe components of someone's physiology.
What is gender?
This theory of development describes key psychosocial conflicts that the theorist says are key for certain age groups. The resolution of these conflicts promotes healthy development.
What is Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
This type of talk supports healthy development in babies. It often includes slowing down, repeating key phrases, and using simpler sentences.
What is infant-directed talk?
A p-value at or below this value indicates that something is of statistical significance.
.05
One of the major milestones in Piaget's theory, this developmental concept relates to children being able to understand that something changing shape does not change the object or amount. An example would be pouring liquid into a differently shaped cup.
What is conservation?
The psychosocial conflict occurs in adolescence and involves coming to see oneself in relation to social roles. Often, adolescents experiment with different ways of fitting into societal roles in order to understand themselves and their place in the world.
What is identity vs. role confusion?
Developed with primarily male subjects, this theory of moral development focuses on a justice orientation.
What is Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
This theory explains how various social systems interact to influence an individual's development. These are often called "spheres of influence" and start with the individual and their immediate environment then proceed outward to eventually include culture and society.
What is Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model?
This indicates the extent to which a measure actually assesses the variable it intends to. It is the most important characteristic of a research measure.
What is validity?
With its existence well supported by research, this component of intelligence involves processing speed, adaptability, and coordination of multiple cognitive processes.
What is Spearman's g?
This process, which happens throughout childhood but is most noticeable in adolescence, involves coming to see oneself as separate from their families and parents.
What is individuation?
This theory explains our memory system and how we store memories and knowledge over time.
What is information processing theory?
These are the three components of emotion and can be used to understand the influence of different emotions on a person and their behavior.
What are valence, activation, and object focus?
This type of variable cannot be truly measured, so researchers must approximate it as well as possible, often using triagulation.
What is a latent variable?
This type of thought consists of both relativistic and dialectical thought and tends to develop in late adolescents or early adulthood.
What is post-formal thinking?
This process occurs in adulthood and involves finding meaning through contribution to society and the creation of a legacy.
What is generativity?
A theory focused on types of play, this theory started by describing stages of play and increasingly developed but is now seen as different types of play rather than different qualities of play. The types of play include onlooker behavior, parallel play, and associative play.
What are Parten's categories of play?