Prenatal Development
The fertilized egg; enter a 2 week period rapid cell division and develops into an embryo
Zygote
A decrease in responding with repeated stimulation
As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a stimulus their interest wanes and they look away sooner
Habituation
Things continue to exist when they are out of sight; older than 6 months is when you being to understand object permanence.
Object permanence
Sensorimotor Stage
Researcher who studied infant monkeys who were raised with their mothers compared to those separated from mothers
Harlow
4
The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth
Fetus
The orderly sequence of biological growth
Maturation
Having difficulty perceiving things from another’s point of view. (pre-school)
Egocentrism
Process by which certain animals form strong attachments during early life (explored by Lorenz)
Imprinting
This type of parenting style is confrontive. They are both demanding and responsive. They set firm rules, but with older children, encourage open discussion and allow exceptions
Authoritative
Body’s organs first being to form & function during the period of the __; within 6 months during the period of ___ the organs are sufficiently functional to provide a good chance of surviving and thriving
Embryo; fetus
Piaget’s core idea was that intellectual progression reflects an unceasing struggle to make sense of our experiences; this term is called _____.
Schema
During this stage, children are able to represent things with words or images but too young to perform mental operations of concrete logic.
Preoperational (2yo-7yo)
Is attachment style the result of parenting? Or is attachment style the result of genetically influenced temperament?
Both. Studies reveal that heredity (genetics) affects temperament, and that temperament affects attachment styles.
Parenting style characterized by carelessness, inattentive, and do not seek a close relationship with their children. They are neither demanding nor responsive
Neglectful/uninvolved.
Agents, such as chemicals & viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during the prenatal development and cause harm
Teratogens
Two concepts proposed by Piaget of how we use and adjust schema’s
Assimilation
Accommodation
Stage which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts; hypothetical propositions and deduce consequences (if this, then that).
Formal Operational (12yo+)
Erikson believed that securely attached children approach life with a sense of ____
Basic trust: a sense that the world is predictable and reliable.
This parenting style makes few demands, sets few limits and uses little punishment; unrestraining
Permissive
Chemical marks on DNA that switch genes abnormally on or off
Epigenetic effect
What are the four stages of cognitive development according to Piaget?
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
The principle that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape
ex: judging the right amount of milk to pour in a glass
Conservation
Researcher who conducted the strange situation experiment
Mary Ainsworth (1979)
Responsiveness & demandingness of parents