This function explains the existence of the police, lawyers, prison guards and the like.
What is creating jobs
100
Focuses on how a person is labeled as deviant.
What is labeling theory
100
The ability of a policeman to decide whether to arrest a person or not.
What is police discretion
100
When a person abandons both the culture's norms and values; for example, a homeless person.
What is retreatism
200
gambling
What is victimless crime
200
This function applies when many people commit a certain act of deviance resulting in lawmakers changing a law, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
What is promoting social change
200
This theory focuses on social bonds.
What is control theory
200
A situation in which norms are wither unclear or no longer applicable.
What is anomie
200
When a person rejects and replaces a culture's norms and values.
What is rebellion
300
stealing a car
What is property crimes
300
This function applies to the following situation: Emma witnessed her friend Jill being arrested for shoplifting. Now Emma knows that shoplifting goes against the culture's norms.
What is clarifying norms
300
This theory is based on Marxism.
What is conflict theory
300
A negative social sanction that sets the deviant apart from the rest of society.
What is stigma
300
When a person rejects a culture's norms but not its values, like a person who robs a bank to earn wealth.
What is innovation
400
drug trafficking
What is organized crime
400
This function allows people to let off steam when they feel overwhelmed from constantly conforming to social norms.
What is diffusing tension
400
This theory states that deviance is the natural outgrowth of norms, values and structure of society.
What is strain theory
400
When a person is denounced, found guilty and given a new identity as a deviant in a public setting.
What is a degradation ceremony
400
A person who embraces a culture's values and norms.
What is conformity
500
embezzlement
What is white collar crime
500
This function creates an "us against them" mentality.
What is unifying group
500
This theory claims that everyone is a conformist; it is simply the norms that we conform to that determine if our behavior is deviant to the larger society.
What is cultural transmission theory
500
The frequency and closeness of association a person has with deviant and non-deviant individuals.
What is differential association
500
When a person accepts a culture's norms but not its values.