Pharmacology
Common side effects of loop diuretics
What is: hypokalemia, dehydration, hypotension, dizziness, and ototoxicity.
What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing acute anxiety?
What is stay calm, provide a safe environment, encourage slow breathing, use therapeutic communication, and reduce stimuli?
Signs & Symptoms of Left-Sided HF?
What is: dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary congestion, crackles, and fatigue.
What is the correct sequence for donning and doffing PPE?
What is: gloves, gown, eye protection, and mask.
First-line tx for asthma exacerbation?
What is a SABA (Short-Acting Beta-agonist inhaler) albuterol?
What is the antidote for Heparin?
What is Protamine Sulfate
What serious reaction must be monitored with Antipsychotics?
What is Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
a rare but potentially life-threatening reaction to antipsychotic meds with symptoms of high fever, muscle rigidity, and altered mental status.
What is the 1st intervention for chest pain suspected of MI?
What is MONA (Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, and Aspirin)
*oxygen first if hypoxic, then nitro, etc...*
What lab indicates sepsis concern?
What is Elevated lactate.
*Elevated lactate levels in sepsis indicate a complex interplay of metabolic processes, often signaling tissue stress and potential organ failure, rather than solely reflecting inadequate oxygen delivery. *
Why are children at higher risk for dehydration?
What is higher metabolic rate + more fluid loss.
A pt is taking lisinopril. What lab value is the priority to monitor?
What is potassium (risk for hyperkalemia).
Beta Blockers end in -lol. Hold if HR <60 or SBP<90-100.
What is: ensure safety (1:1 observation, remove harmful objects)
what is the post-op care for abdominal surgery?
What is: monitor vitals signs, assess incision for s/s of infection, pain mgmt, encourage ambulation (deep breath and splinting), and monitor bowel sounds.
What does creatinine elevation suggests?
What is Kidney dysfunction.
What is the priority sign of respiratory distress in children?
What is nasal flaring?
What should the nurse teach a patient taking warfarin to avoid?
What is: vitamin K (leafy greens), razors (traditional, can use electric shaver), and hard toothbrushes (use soft)?
What is the therapeutic response to hallucinations?
What is acknowledge feeling w/o validating hallucination.
(I don't see that, but I understand it feels real to you.")
What is the hallmark sign of hypocalcemia?
What is tetany. (involuntary muscle contractions and nerve overactivity caused by electrical imbalances)
*(Chvostek’s/Trousseau’s signs). *
What is priority before any procedure?
What is Verify informed consent.
What is the normal heart rate for infants?
What is 110–160 bpm (higher than adults!).
What medication requires monitoring of peak and trough levels?
What is vancomycin or aminoglycosides (due to the ototoxicity risk). *You must have your labs back prior to administration, as the lab may need to titrate the dose to fit the therapeutic range*.
What are the signs of Lithium toxicity?
What are tremors, confusion, and emesis.
(lithium therapeutic level 0.6-1.2 MEq/L)
What is priority for a patient with COPD exacerbation?
What is Low-flow oxygen (avoid knocking out respiratory drive).
What position prevents aspiration during feeding?
What is High Fowler’s.
What is known as "barking cough" and what do you give to help relieve this symtoms.
What is Croup and humidified oxygen.
*or Heliox (a mixture of helium and oxygen) may improve airflow and relieve breathing distress in children with croup. *