Chapter 1 and 2
What is included in the periodontium?
A: Gingiva, Periodontal ligament, Cementum and Alveolar Bone
(Perio Book Pg 16 under Anatomic Characteristics of the Periodontium)
The number of individuals or sites with disease present in a given population at one time
Prevalence
Accumulation of microbes (mainly consisting of bacteria), found on surfaces of teeth/solid oral structures and are not easily removed.
What is dental plaque biofilms
What is the most common disease in humans that is easy to treat and control?
Gingivitis
This is formed by the deposition of calcium and phosphate salts present in bacterial plaque.
What is calculus
What is the deepest level of the oral epithelium?
A: Stratum Basale
Which are exposures, behaviors, and characteristics associated with disease.
Risk factors
Gram-negative bacteria associated with halitosis.
What is Porphyromonas gingivalis.
How many stages of gingivitis are there, and at what stage has it progressed to periodontal disease?
There are 4 stages: Initial, early, established, and advanced. Stage IV, or advanced is the stage at which gingivitis has progressed to periodontal disease
The main crystal type in calculus?
What is hydroxyapatite
Which bone is more dense, cancellous, or compact?
A: Compact
(Book Pg 22)
This type of study compare individuals with disease and those without disease. They identify characteristics that are associated with the disease but cannot assess prevalence or incidence.
Case- Control
Three classifications of bacteria based on their shape, also known as morphotypes.
What are cocci, bacilli, and Spirochetes
This is not a neoplasm, but rather a localized area of pyogenic granulation tissue and could cause teeth to become mobile
Pregnancy Tumor
The amount of time it takes plaque to become 90% mineralized.
What is 12 days
What is a fenestration?
An opening or window in the bone covering the facial surface of the root
This type of index has both debris index (DI-S) for plaque and a calculus index (CI-S).
Simplified Oral Hygiene Index of Greene and Vermillion
Bacterial species that do not require oxygen to grow
What are anaerobes
What systemic factors can contribute to gingivitis?
Changes in the endocrine system such as puberty and pregnancy can cause increased gingival inflammation due to the excess hormones circulating through the body
Heavy calculus formers have a higher level of this in their saliva.
What is calcium and phosphate
Q: What are the 5 principal fiber bundles of the periodontal ligament? ** Extra 100 points if you can name the most significant fiber group
A: Apical, Interradicular, Oblique, Horizontal, Alveolar Crest. *** Oblique
(CH 2 Power point Slide 63)
This index is a screening examination with criteria for identifying patients who need a complete evaluation. It is not a substitute for a thorough examination in the practice setting.
Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR)
Bacteria that grow in both aerobic & anaerobic environments.
What are facultative anaerobic organisms.
What condition is thought to be immune-related and presents with a lacy, white appearance?
Lichen-planus- may be reticular form with lacy, white lines called Wickham’s striae or could be erosive form which causes red, ulcerated, painful lesions; erosive form has the potential to transform into squamous cell carcinoma
The number of times greater a smoker is at risk for oral cancer.
7