Directions, regions, planes
In anatomic position, which way do the toes point?
Anterior
Which tissue type includes blood cells and ligaments?
Connective tissue
(what other tissues are included in this category?)
What are the 2 main cavities inside the thorax?
Pleural cavity + mediastinum
(what are the linings + contents?)
Where is the primary site of gas exchange in the lung?
Alveolus (alveoli)
(and how do we prevent total collapse?)
Which type of blood vessel allows gas exchange?
capillaries
(what are the other types of vessels)
What is the term for a structure that is closer to the surface?
Superficial
(and away from the surface?)
What is one main function of the urinary system?
•Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
•Regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base (pH) balance
•Regulates production of RBCs
What is the most reliable defining characteristic of a cervical vertebra?
Transverse foramina
(how about thoracic/ lumbar?)
How are pressure and volume related in respiration?
Inverse, air flows down pressure gradient
(example)
Which valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle?
Bicuspid - left atrioventricular valve
(name of R AV valve?)
Opening the mouth results in which mandibular movement?
Depression
(what are the other mandibular movements? other movements in the body?)
Which tissue type is responsible for protection and selective adsorption?
Epithelial tissue
(give an example)
What bones make up the superior thoracic aperture?
1st rib, sternum (manubrium), T1 vertebra
(why is this space important?)
How many secondary bronchi are found in each lung?
Left= 2 right=3
What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic trunk - left common carotid - left subclavian
(destinations?)
What is the term for a structure found exactly at midline?
median
Which part of the anatomical hierarchy is described by the following: A group of cells performing a common function
tissues
(can you name them all?)
What is the name of the opening formed between adjacent vertebrae?
Intervertebral foramen
(what about the opening inside one vertebral arch?)
State the pathway of air through the conducting system
nose/mouth - pharynx - larynx - trachea -mainstem/primary bronchi - secondary/ lobar bronchi - tertiary/ segmental bronchi - bronchioles
Which artery supplies multiple branches to the face and neck?
Common carotid a (SALFOP)
(which arteries supply blood to the brain?)
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
Axial (transverse)
(other planes)
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue and what are their distinguishing features?
Cardiac - involuntary
Smooth- involuntary
Skeletal- voluntary
Besides the heart, name one other structure found in the mediastinum
Great vessels, esophagus, trachea/ bronchi, thymus
Describe the anatomy of quiet inspiration (muscle(s), thorax changes)
diaphragm depresses, thorax expands in vertical direction
(what about in active respiration? what about QUIET expiration?)
Which vessels join to form the superior vena cava?
Right and left brachiocephalic veins
(which are formed by which 2 veins?)