Sherlock Holmes, I presume
The level of evidence that should be used for evidence-based decision making.
What is the highest?
The first step in beginning a research study.
What is (the) formulation of a research problem?
This research method relies on language to answer the research question.
What is qualitative research?
The process of obtaining a representative portion of the population.
What is sampling?
A way of indicating that the results found in an analysis of data are unlikely to have been caused by chance.
What is statistical significance?
The highest ranked level of evidence for evidence-based decision making?
What is the systematic review with meta-analysis?
This is developed after a research question is formulated.
What is a hypothesis?
This research method relies on numbers to answer the research question.
What is quantitative research?
A part or subset of the population that, if properly selected, can represent the population
What is a sample?
Researchers use this value to determine statistical significance.
What is p?
A major source of reputable, systematic reviews.
What is the Cochrane Collaboration?
Statement that assumes that there is no statistically significant difference between the groups being studied.
What is the null hypothesis?
The 3 main types of research designs.
What are observational, quasi-experimental, and experimental?
Study participants are chosen independently of each other, with known opportunity or probability for inclusion
What is a random sample?
A normally acceptable p value.
What is 0.05 or less?
The classification of sources of scientific evidence that should be used for evidence-based decision making (whenever possible)
What is a primary source?
Brief description of the published work and appears at the beginning of a research report to provide the reader with an overview of the study.
What is an abstract?
This type of study defines characteristics of a population, for example, case reports, case series, and simple cross-sectional surveys.
What is a descriptive study?
Type of sample selected by the researcher or someone else with knowledge of the population.
What is judgmental or purposive?
When the researcher rejects the null hypothesis based on the statistical results, but the null is actually true.
What is a type I alpha (α) error?
Four relevant components of evidence-based decision making.
What are scientific evidence, professional expertise, patient/community preferences, and clinical patient circumstances?
In this section the author interprets the statistical results and links them to the relevant literature discussed in the introduction.
What is the discussion section?
This study design has the greatest control; thus, it provides the highest level of evidence of all the study designs.
What is an experimental study?
This refers to numeric characteristics of samples.
What is statistic? Or, what is the term statistic?
A type of analysis used to determine how many study participants are needed to provide significance.
What is power (analysis)?