Oral Meds
What is the most common side effect with metformin?
Stomach upset/diarrhea
Name 3 side effects of taking insulin.
Hypoglycemia, Weight gain, Injection side reactions
What is the generic name of Trulicity?
Dulaglutide
True or False: Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness in adults.
True
Which is more common, Type 1 diabetes or Type 2 diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes
Name a secretagogue.
Glipizide, Glimepiride, Glyburide
What's the starting dose for long-acting insulin?
10 units (or 0.1 to 0.2 units/kg)
Name 3 GLP-1 RA with cardiovascular risk reduction.
Mounjaro, Ozempic, Trulicity, Victoza
What is the "Rule of 15" used to treat hypoglycemia?
15 grams of fast acting carbs, wait 15 minutes, check blood glucose again. Repeat as needed.
A newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has an A1c of 11.2%, which medication will they end up leaving the hospital with?
Insulin
What is the mechanism of action of Invokana?
SGLT-2 (Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2)
Name 2 fast acting/mealtime insulin.
Admelog, Apidra, Fiasp, HumaLog, Lyumjev, NovoLog
What is the difference between Ozempic and Mounjaro in terms of mechanism of action?
Mounjaro is also a GIP (Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide).
In the ADA guidelines, which disease states are taken into account when providing first line therapy to a newly diagnosed patient?
CHF, CKD, Obesity
What are the goals of therapy for type 2 diabetes? (A1c, fasting glucose, 2hr post-prandial)
A1c <7%, Fasting 80-130, 2hr post-prandial <180
What is the common vitamin deficiency with long-term use of metformin?
Vitamin B-12
Rank the following insulins by duration of action (Shortest to Longest).
NPH, HumaLog, Tresiba, Levemir
HumaLog, NPH, Levemir, Tresiba
What is the dosing schedule/interval for Ozempic? (ie. Starting dose -> Max dose)
0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg. Increase every 4 weeks as tolerated.
What medication is used to commonly treat diabetic neuropathy?
Gabapentin/Pregabalin
Name the medication used to rapidly reverse hypoglycemia in unresponsive patients.
Glucagon
What class of medication is contraindicated with GLP-1 RA?
DPP4-inhibitors (Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 inhibitor)
How long is Lantus good for if kept at room temperature?
28 days
Name 3 ways to manage nausea/vomiting with GLP-1 RA.
Eat bland, low-fat foods
Eat foods that contain water, like soups and gelatin,
Avoid fried, greasy, or sweet foods
Avoid lying down after you eat
Eat more slowly
Drink clear or ice-cold drinks
Go outdoors for fresh air
What are the 3 main medications a DKA patient will receive inpatient to correct their elevated blood glucose?
Normal saline, Insulin, Potassium
Name the 2 advantages of a continuous blood glucose monitoring system over normal fingersticks.
Provides 24/7 coverage of blood glucose and less fingersticks,