Screening and Diagnosis
Ethnicities with increased prevalence of GDM (name at least 2)
What are Hispanic, African American, Native American, Asian, and Pacific Islander
The type of carbohydrates recommended in GDM
What is complex?
The reason to check postprandial rather than preprandial glucose levels
What is more predictive of the potential for fetal macrosomia and morbidity?
The percentage of Latina women with GDM who develop T2DM within 5 years of the index pregnancy (within +/- 5%)
What is 60%
Oral hypoglycemic more likely to require the addition of insulin to achieve control?
What is metformin?
Typical gestational age range for screening for GDM
What is 24-28 weeks
The first-line therapy for GDM management in cases uncontrolled by diet that has been the most studied
What is insulin?
The threshold for fasting GDM that indicates adequate control
What is 95?
The three negative complications or outcomes that women with GDM are at higher risk of having during pregnancy (at least 2)
What are gestational HTN, preeclampsia, and cesarean delivery?
The oral medication that is a reasonable alternative for women who refuse insulin
What is metformin?
Acceptable cutoff values for the 50-gm 1-hour glucose tolerance test (name at least 2)
What are 130, 135, or 140?
The treatment that does not cross the placenta
What is insulin?
The thresholds for 1-hr postprandial and 2-hr postprandial glucose levels that indicate adequate control, respectively
What are 140 and 120?
Women (and their infants) with 1 abnormal result on glucose testing are at increased risk of these complications (at least 3) compared to women without GDM
What are Cesarean delivery, macrosomia, GHTN, hypoglycemia, NICU admit?
Timing of delivery for women with GDM that is well-controlled with medications
What is 39 weeks?
Carpenter and Coustan criteria for cutoff values for the 3-hr GTT
What are 95, 180, 155, and 140?
The two oral anti-diabetic medicines that can be used to treat GDM (though not first line per ACOG)
What are metformin and glyburide?
The women for whom antenatal testing (such as NST, AFI) is recommended
What is women with GDM with poor glycemic control?
Women with a history of GDM who do not have T2DM postpartum should be screen at least how often?
What is every 3 years
The two options for testing postpartum for women with GDM
What is fasting blood glucose or 2-hour GTT?
The number of abnormal values in the 3-hr GTT required for a positive diagnosis
What is 2?
Potential complications of both glyburide and insulin
What is hypoglycemia?
The recommended monitoring in women with good glycemic control with diet and exercise
What is there is no consensus?
Complications that the infants of women with GDM are at increased risk of having (Name at least 3)
What are macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, operative delivery, shoulder dystocia, and birth trauma
The 75 gram test cutoffs
What are 92, 180, 153