Random Facts
This is the drug class of metformin.
What is "biguanides"?
The type of injection that insulin is.
What is "subcutaneous"?
This insulin’s onset is within 2 minutes because niacinamide accelerates monomer formation and endothelial absorption.
What is Ultra-rapid/Faster aspart (Fiasp)?
This lab shows how well controlled your blood sugar is over the last three months.
What is "an A1C"?
This is induced by autoimmune response to beta cells.
What is "Type 1 Diabetes?"
This term has no clinically meaningful differences in terms of safety and effectiveness.
What is "a biosimilar"?
This insulin is given at night and helps your body control your blood sugar during the night and throughout the next day
What is "Lantus or Levemir (long-acting insulins)"?
The formation and breakdown of these zinc-bound insulin structures determine how fast insulin reaches peak activity and how long it lasts.
What are insulin hexamers?
An A1C level of 5.7%-6.4% shows this.
What is "pre-diabetes"?
This is the goal for pre-prandial glucose.
What is "5-7.2 mM or 90-130 mg/dl"?
Main complication of metformin in patients who also have renal dysfunction.
What is "lactic acidosis"?
These insulins are taken 15 minutes before a meal.
What are "Humalog and Novolog (short-acting)"?
This formulation has an onset of 2–4 hours and lasts 10–18 hours, providing basal insulin coverage overnight.
What is NPH insulin?
These are symptoms of high blood sugar.
What are "increased urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger?"
This is the goal A1C level for patients.
What is "<7"?
This is the first interchangeable biosimilar.
What is "Semglee (insulin glargine-yfgn)"?
This is the primary physiological limitation of subcutaneous insulin therapy, which prevents it from perfectly mimicking natural insulin secretion.
What is compartmentation mismatch?
Approved in 2021, this ultra-rapid lispro analog contains treprostinil sodium and sodium citrate to enhance absorption.
What is Lyumjev (insulin lispro-aabc)?
This type of product can be subbed for another without the approval of a physician.
What is "interchangeability"?
This medication is effective in both Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.
What is "pramlintide (Symlin)"?
This once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist has both injectable and oral formulations and is modified for albumin binding to achieve a one-week half-life.
What is semaglutide?
Because injected insulin enters the peripheral circulation instead of the portal vein, patients experience this hepatic phenomenon that impairs glucose regulation.
What is portal hypoinsulinemia (insufficient suppression of gluconeogenesis)?
This long-acting insulin is three times as concentrated as Lantus (300 U/mL), resulting in slower dissolution and a longer duration.
What is Toujeo (insulin glargine U-300)?
This is caused by a deficiency release from posterior pituitary.
What is "diabetes insipidus"?