Clinical Manifestations
Polyuria (increased urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased appetite).
What is hyperglycemia?
This type of diabetes is an autoimmune dysfunction in which the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas produce little to no insulin.
What is Type I Diabetes?
When counting carbohydrates, one serving of carbohydrate is equivalent to this many grams.
What is 15 grams?
This the only insulin given through IV route.
What is regular insulin?
These medications are used to treat patients with Type 2 DM and are not a substitute for lifestyle modifications.
What are Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHAs)?
Kussmaul's respirations, hypokalemia, 3 P's, dehydration, ketones in the urine, treated with IV regular insulin.
What is DKA?
This type of diabetes has a decreased endogenous insulin production or increased insulin resistance.
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Before performing a BG test, instruct the patient to do what with the first drop of blood?
What is wipe it away?
This insulin a client should eat within 15 minutes after taking it.
What is rapid acting insulin?
This medication stimulates beta cells to secrete insulin but can cause hypoglycemia and are contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergies?
What are Sulfonylureas (Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride)?
3 P's, no ketones, hypokalemia, dehydration, not treated with IV regular insulin
What is HHS?
The first line management for the prevention and management of Type 2 Diabetes.
What is lifestyle changes (Diet and Exercise)?
A fasting blood glucose level between 100-125 mg/dL indicates this stage.
What is prediabetes?
This insulin is cloudy, should be rolled when mixing it, and should be drawn up after a clear insulin.
What is intermediate acting (NPH) insulin?
This medication is usually used as 1st line in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes and should be discontinued if a patient is having a test requiring contrast medium.
What is Metformin?
What is poor wound healing?
This type of diabetes is classified when lab testing is borderline high. Lifestyle changes are recommended.
What is prediabetes?
The goal of this lab result is to be less than 7%.
What is Glycosylate Hemoglobin (HbA1C).
*Hint greater than 6.5 may indicate DM.
This insulin does not peak and should not be mixed with other insulins.
What is long acting insulin?
It is important to take medication or insulin as prescribed or predetermined on this type of day.
What is a sick day?
This occurs when patient's with uncontrolled diabetes urinates frequently because of excess glucose in the blood, spilling into the urine, taking water with it.
What is polyuria?
A patient with central obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia is at risk for this condition.
What is metabolic syndrome?
What does the common testing schedule ac & hs mean?
What is before meals and at bedtime?
Type 1 Diabetics will require lifelong insulin replacement via injection or pump.
What is True?
Diabetics should have routine foot care and eye exams due to microvascular changes in the eyes and the potential for injury due to neuropathy.
What is true?