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MEDICATION
LABS
DIABETES
COMPLICATION
NUTRITION
100
THIS MEDICATION HELPS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AND THE HYPERACTIVE LIVER
What is METFORMIN Glucophage, Glucophage XR FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE
100
MY DOCTOR TOLD BE MY A1C IS BETWEEN 5.7 - 6.4...
What is PRE-DIABETES
100
INSULIN WAS DISCOVERED IN __________, BY ____________ AND __________
What is 1922, BANTING, BEST
100
MEMBERS MUST HAVE A ________ __________ ________ YEARLY TO DETECT RETINOPATHY.
What is A DILATED EYE EXAM
100
MY BLOOD GLUCOSE IS 60 SO I'm GOING TO USE THE __________ ___________ RULE THAT MY CM TAUGHT ME.
What is Eat 15 GRAMS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND WAIT 15 MIN, THEN RECHECK BLOOD SUGAR. IF NOT OVER 100 REPEAT
200
THIS CLASS OF MEDICATIONS IS VERY CHEAP WITH S/E OF WEIGHT GAIN AND HYPOGLYCEMIA
WHAT ARE SULFONYLUREAS ? Glipizide (Glucotrol) (Glucotrol XL) Glyburide (Micronase) Glimepiride (Amaryl) Meglitinides (“glinides”) Nateglinide (Starlix) Repaglinide (Prandin)
200
Tests performed annually to detect the earliest evidence of kidney disease.
What is Urine for microalbuminuria > 30MG Blood Creatinine 0.7 TO 1.3 MG/DL (MEN) 0.6 TO 1.1 MG/DL (WOMEN) Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
200
THE FIRST ___________ __________ WAS CALLED THE BIG BLUE BRICK.
What is THE INSULIN PUMP.
200
The _____ ______ ______ uses a 5.07 monofilament, which delivers 10 grams of force, to identify patients with a foot AT RISK of developing problems. An initial foot screen should be performed on all patients at diagnosis and at least annually thereafter.
What is LEAP FOOT SCREEN (Lower Extremity Amputation Prevention)
200
I WAS TAUGHT TO USE A 9 IN PLATE WHICH THEY CALLED THE __________ _______ ________ .
What is THE HEALTHY PLATE METHOD ? 9 IN PLATE DIVIDED IN HALF - ONE SIDE ALL VEGGIES THE OTHER 1/2 IS ALS DIVIDED IN HALF, ONE QUARTER CARBS AND THE OTHER QUARTER IS HEALTHY PROTEIN.
300
When food is ingested, the intestines secrete the _________ _____________ GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulin tropic polypeptide)
What is INCRETIN HORMONES
300
This test evaluates average glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 weeks
What is •Fructosamine – (a glycated protein) The higher the fructosamine value, the poorer the degree of glycemia control. A trend from high to normal fructosamine levels may indicate that changes to a person's treatment regimen are effective.
300
Beta blockers are used to manage a variety of conditions. They include, but are not limited to: cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, high coronary artery disease risk, diabetes, post heart attack (myocardial infarction), angina pectoris due to coronary atherosclerosis, and hypertension (high blood pressure). My doctor made me aware beta blockers mask the feelings of ___________ .
What is HYPOGLYCEMIA Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents acebutolol hydrochloride (Sectral) atenolol (Tenormin) betaxolol hydrochloride (Kerlone) bisoprolol fumarate (Zebeta) carteolol hydrochloride (Cartrol) esmolol hydrochloride (Brevibloc) metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL) penbutolol sulfate (Levatol) nadolol (Corgard) nebivolol (Bystolic) pindolol (Visken) propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran) timolol maleate (Blocadren) sotalol hydrochloride (Betapace) Alpha/Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents carvedilol (Coreg)
300
Thirst or a very dry mouth, Frequent urination, High blood glucose, High levels of ketones in the urine then, other symptoms appear: Constantly feeling tired, dry or flushed skin, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, fruity odor on breath, a hard time paying attention, confusion, coma .. DEATH
What is Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
300
ONE CARB SERVING EQUALS __________
What is 15 GRAMS ONE SLICE OF BREAD ONE SMALL APPLE 1/3 CUP OF RICE 1 CUP OF PASTA = APPROX. 40 GM CARB 1/2 CUP OF POTATOE
400
YOU NEED THIS WHEN YOU HAVE A SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIC EVENT.
What is GLUCAGON
400
A blood glucose equal to and above 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) and above on more than one testing occasion.
What is Diabetes
400
THE _______ EFFECT IS WHEN THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL DROPS TOO LOW IN THE EARLY MORNING HOURS BETWEEN 2AM -3AM, HORMONES SUCH AS GROWTH HORMONE,CORTISOL, AND CATECHOLAMINS ARE RELEASED.
What is THE SOMOGYI EFFECT THESE HORMONES HELP REVERSE LOW BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS THAT MAY LEAD TO HIGHER BLOOD SUGARS IN THE MORNING. IF THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL IS LOW AT 2 AM TO 3 AM, SUSPECT SOMOGYI EFFECT. IF THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL IS NORMAL OR HIGH AT 2AM TO 3AM, IT'S MOST LIKELY THE DAWN PHENOMENON.
400
THESE CLASSES OF MEDICATIONS ARE IMPORTANT TO THE PROTECTION OF THE KIDNEYS.
What ARE ACE AND ARB'S
400
MY DOCTOR TOLD ME THE AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION GOALS BEFORE A MEAL BLOOD SUGAR IS ________ AND 1-2 HRS AFTER MY MEALS IT SHOULD BE __________
What is 80-130 MG/DL , AND LESS THAN 180 MG/DL *Postprandial glucose may be targeted if A1C goals are not met despite reaching pre-prandial glucose goals.
500
The renal glucose threshold without diabetes is ___________ . In diabetes, the renal glucose threshold is increased to ___________. The class of medications that Address the Increased Renal Glucose Threshold ________________.
What is ~180 mg/dL, ~200-250 mg/dL, Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (“glucuretics”) Canagliflozin –Invokana, Invokamet Dapagliflozin-Farxiga, Xigduo XR Empagliflozin-Jardiance
500
An empty study is testing for _________.
What is Gastroparesis ?
500
THE _______ _________ IS A SURGE OF HORMONES THAT THE BODY PRODUCES DAILY AROUND 4-5 AM. PEOPLE WITH DIABETES DO NOT HAVE NORMAL INSULIN RSPONSES TO ADJUST FOR THIS, AND MAY SEE THEIR FASTING GLUCOSE GO UP.
WHAT IS The DAWN PHENOMENON
500
The ______ ______ ___ ______ ______ was a major clinical study conducted from 1983 to 1993 and funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The study showed that keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible slows the onset and progression of the eye, kidney, and nerve damage caused by diabetes. In fact, it demonstrated that any sustained lowering of blood glucose, also called blood sugar, helps, even if the person has a history of poor control.
What is THE DIABETES CONTROL AND COMPLCATIONS TRAIL ( DCCT) Intensive blood glucose control reduces risk of eye disease - 76% reduced risk kidney disease - 50% reduced risk nerve disease - 60% reduced risk The DCCT involved 1,441 volunteers, ages 13 to 39, with type 1 diabetes and 29 medical centers in the United States and Canada. Volunteers had to have had diabetes for at least 1 year but no longer than 15 years. They also were required to have no, or only early signs of, diabetic eye disease. This study was cut short to get the information out to HCP's and people living with diabetes.
500
READING LABELS AND COUNTING ALL CARBS EATEN IS A METHOD CALLED _________ .
What is CARB COUNTING?