Drug Class/Basics
What is the trade name for insulin lispro?
HumaLog
Which oral diabetic agent is commonly used in long term obesity patients?
Metformin
What is the action of DPP4 inhibitors?
decrease glucagon production and glycogen from converting to glucose
Which class of diabetic medications might cause malnutrition?
Non-insulin Injectable
Which non-insulin injectable agent do nurses need to keep an eye out for malnutrition?
Mounjaro
What is the typical route when giving insulin?
SubQ injection
Which oral diabetic agent is also 1st line heart failure drug?
Empagliflozin / dapagliflozin / SGLT2 Inhibitors
What are the major actions of pramlintide?
slow down digestion and gastric emptying, reduces risk of blood sugar crashes, decreases appetite
Which two drugs can cause heart failure, fluid retention, fluid overload, and ischemia?
rosiglitazone (Actos), pioglitazone (Avandia)
Which drugs are important to educate patients about nutrition, hydration, and managing their lifestyles?
GLP-1 agonists (Ozempic)
Amylin analog (Symlin), Mounjaro
Glyburide is part of which oral diabetic agent class?
Sulfonylureas
Which medication prevents atherosclerosis?
Thiazolidinedione / rosiglitazone / pioglitazone
Which medication needs a working pancreas to stimulate insulin production?
sulfonylureas
glyburide/glucotrol
Which non insulin injectable has a black box warning for a high risk of severe hypoglycemia?
pramlintide [Symlin]
What is a post-prandial crash?
A post meal glucose crash, where the body wants to start producing more glucose
Pramlintide is part of which non-insulin injectable diabetic agent class?
Amylin Analog
Which non-insulin injectable agent is only used for Type 2?
Ozempic
Which drug class excretes glucose through the renal system to decrease blood glucose?
SGLT2 inhibitors
Which class of oral diabetic medications has a positive unintended effect of protecting lumen walls against plaque build up?
Thiazolidinedione
What are symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Pale, shaky, headache, nausea, dizzy, irritable
Which med has a black box warning of high risk for severe hypoglycemia?
pramlintide (Symlin)
Which type of insulin is used for pts who have consistent lows - not as high of a glucose peak?
Intermediate-acting insulin (NPH)
Which insulin has an onset of 1-4 hours, a peak of 4-8 hours, and a duration of 12-18 hours?
intermediate acting/humulin n
Which diabetic medication can cause endocrine disorders like thyroid diseases/cancer/nodules?
Tirxepatide (Mounjaro)
What are 3 important education points for nurses to communicate to diabetic pts?
A. Monitoring glucose - time, levels, etc
B. Injection techniques
C. Diet