ADHD
3 subtypes of ADHD
The term "spectrum" in Autism Spectrum Disorder refers to this
What is the wide range of symptoms and severity of ASD?
PTSD
What is a psychiatric disorder that may occur in people who have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event, series of events or set of circumstances?
Children are more likely to have depression because of certain factors
What is if they have immediate family members with depression or other mood disorders; if they have chronic or severe medical conditions?
Social Anxiety Disorder
What is kids feel too afraid of what others will think or say, afraid they may do or say something embarrassing, don’t want others to notice them (may avoid raising their hand in class), a class presentation or group activity can cause extreme fear, can cause them to avoid school or friends, may feel sick or tired before or during school, may complain of other body sensations (heart racing, shortness of breath, jumpy, shaky, lightheaded)?
A child that demonstrates inattentive ADHD
What is not being detail oriented, making simple homework mistakes, having trouble staying focused, appearing to not listen, having difficulty following through on directions, failing to finish tasks, having trouble organizing tasks, avoiding tasks that require mental effort such as homework, losing items needed for tasks, being easily distracted, and forgetting to do daily activities?
A child with ASD may have problems with this
What is fails to respond to their name, resists cuddling and holding, prefers to play alone, poor eye contact, lacks facial expression, delayed speech, nonverbal, problems with starting or keeping a conversation going, speaks with abnormal tone or rhythm, repeats words or phrases but doesn't understand how to use them, doesn't understand simple questions or directions, doesn't express emotions or feelings, is unaware of others emotions, doesn't point at objects, inappropriately approaches social situations, and difficulty with recognizing nonverbal cues?
A child may suffer from PTSD after this
What is a bad accident, medical procedures, animal bites, natural disasters, man-made tragedies, personal attacks, physical abuse, sexual abuse/assault, emotional abuse, bullying, neglect?
Signs of depression
What is irritability, anger, aches/pains, restlessness, separation anxiety, loss of interest in fun activities, withdrawal from social or pleasurable activities, difficulties with concentration, running away from home, talking about dying, sleep increase or decrease, weight or appetite changes, comments indicating hopelessness or low self-worth?
Selective Mutism
What is when a kid is so afraid they don't talk?
A child that demonstrates hyperactivity/impulsivity ADHD
What is fidgeting a lot, squirming in their seat, having difficulty sitting still, always on the "go", running/climbing around when inappropriate, having trouble doing an activity quietly, talking too much, blurting out answers, having difficulty waiting their turn, and interrupting conversations?
Patterns of behavior
What is performs repetitive movements, performs activities that could cause self-harm, develops specific routines and is disturbed at the slightest change, has problems with coordination or has odd movement patterns (clumsiness, walking on toes), is fascinated by details of an object but doesn't understand its function, sensitive to light, touch, sound, yet may be indifferent to pain or temperature, doesn't engage in imitative or make-believe play, fixates on an object, has specific food preferences?
A child's risk for PTSD is affected by this
What is how close the child was to the traumatic event, how bad the event was, how long the event lasted, if the event happened more than once, how well the child is able to recover quickly from difficult things, how well the child copes, how supportive a child's family and community are after the event?
Main treatment for severe depression
What is a combination of CBT and antidepressant medications?
Signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders
What is a child may cling, miss school, cry, act scared or upset, refuse to talk or do things, feel afraid, worried, or nervous, affect their body too (shaky, jittery, short of breath, "butterflies" in stomach, hot face, clammy hands, dry mouth, racing heart)?
Complications with ADHD
What is struggle in the classroom, tend to be more accident prone, tend to have poor self-esteem, are more likely to have trouble interacting with others, are at an increased risk of substance abuse?
Severity levels for ASD
What is Level 1: Requiring Support
Requires some support in social situations, communication, and sensory processing
Struggle with social interactions
Need assistance with understanding social cues and building friendships
Struggle with transitions and changes in routines
Level 2: Requiring Substantial Support
Require substantial support in social situations, communications, and sensory processing
Difficulty with communication
Require assistance with understanding nonverbal cues and developing language skills
Struggle with self-regulation and have sensory sensitivities
Level 3: Requiring Very Substantial Support
Require very substantial support in social situations, communication, and sensory processing
Limited verbal communication skills
Rely on nonverbal communication such as gestures or pictures
Significant sensory sensitivities and struggle with self-regulation
Symptoms of PTSD in a child
What is have problems sleeping, feel depressed or grouchy, feel nervous, lose interest in things they used to enjoy, have trouble feeling affectionate, is more aggressive than before, stays away from certain places, has flashbacks, loses touch with reality, reenacts an event, has problems in school, has trouble focusing, worries about dying, acts younger than their age, has physical symptoms?
Main treatment for mild to moderate depression
What is CBT?
This can cause anxiety disorders
What is genetics, brain chemistry, life situations, and learned behaviors?
OTs can help children with ADHD
What is time management, organizational skills, executive functioning (working memory, planning skills, knowing how to stay attentive, setting priorities, impulse control), social skills, assistive devices (yoga balls, scooter boards, mini-trampolines, swings)?
OTs can help children with ASD
What is self-care (dressing, meal-time, managing toileting needs, personal hygiene), productivity (emotional regulation, levels of alertness, participation, hand writing, and organizational skills), leisure (socializing with friends, belonging to a group, participating in hobbies/play and motor skills)
OT's can help children with PTSD
What is establishing a safe environment, giving them opportunities to learn, build skills, and heal from trauma, participation in meaningful activities, and helping them to self-regulate?
OT's can help with depression
What is going to work/school, socializing with family and friends, managing daily routines, finding support and networks?
OT's can help children with anxiety
What are relaxation techniques, self-awareness skills, pacing strategies, and grading activities?