THE BASICS
What is the easiest method of preventing the spread of microorganisms.
Hand washing.
206
The side of the body closest to the image receptor (IR).
Name 3 patient positions.
upright, seated, recumbent, supine, prone
All Radiographs must include the following information.
Date
Patient's Name or Identification Number
Right or Left Marker
Institution Identity
What are the 2 great body cavities of the torso?
Thoracic Cavity and Abdominal Cavity
Bones are categorized into 2 main skeletal groups.
Axial: Supports Head & Trunk (80) Appendicular: Allow for various body movement (126)
Name 2 "Complex Projections"
Axial and Axiolateral
aka ventral recumbent position
PRONE!
What are the 2 purposes of x-ray beam collimation?
Minimizes radiation to the patient
Reduces the amount of scatter that can reach the IR (image receptor).
Name the 4 Body Habitus Types?
Sthenic 50%
Hyposthenic 35%
Asthenic 10%
Hypersthenic 5%
Nerves and blood vessels enter and exit bones through
Foramina!
When a body part must be placed EXACTLY in the anatomical position.
True Projections
Supine with the head tilted downward
Trendelenburg's position
What critical factor controls the energy and penetrating ability of the x-ray beam?
Kilovoltage (kVp)
Name the 4 quadrants of the abdomen.
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
The development and formation of bones is called?
Ossification!
The central ray is directed toward the outer margin of a curved body surface to profile a body part free of superimposition.
Tangential Projection
Supine with head higher than the feet
Fowler's position
What are 2 of the 4 guidelines for Anatomical Marker placement?
Never Obscure Anatomy
Never be placed over patient's identification info.
Always be placed on edge of collimation border
Always be placed outside of any lead shielding (if applicable)
What are the two main groups that bones are divided into?
Axial Skeleton: Supports and protects the head and trunk
Appendicular Skeleton: Allows movement (position and location)
Name the 2 Types of Ossification!
Intermembranous & Endochondral Ossification
There is a longitudinal angulation of the central ray with the long axis of the body or a specific body part.
Axial projection
patient lying semiprone with left leg extended and right knee/thigh partially flexed
Sim's position