Disorders
inflamation of the pancreas
-( the pancreas is located in the LUQ)
Pancreatitis
Whats the diet for pancreatitis?
Diet: NPO, TPN, may be used (blend low fat diet over time)
Pancreatitis Risk Factor : alcohol abuse. Bile tract disease , GI Surgery, gallstone trauma as well as medication toxicity
True of false : Answer = True
signs and symptoms of Pancreatitis: Severe LUQ pain or epigastric pain, possible radiation of pain to the left shoulder or back, nausea vomiting, Cullen’s sign (blue gray discoloration around the umbilicus or belly button) Turner sign (ecemosis on the patient’s flank) , jaundice, tetany (tetany associated with hypocalcemia )
True or false ? Answer :true
pancreatistis : True or false
Labs: elevated amylase, Lipase, wbc, bilirubin, glucose
Labs: Decrease calcium, magnesium, and platelets
true or false
Answer : true
Pancreatitis :
Nursing interventions:
Labs to monitor:
patienr education:
Nursing Interventions: IV fluids, electrolytes, opioid analgesics ,antibiotics, antiemetic for nausea and vomiting, insulin, pancreatic enzymes with all meals and snack
monitor for Complications: chronic pancreatitis (seen with alcohol abuse), pancreatic pseudocyst (fluid filled sacs that form in or around the pancreas), type 1 diabetes
Patient education: educate patients to give up alcohol and refer to alcohol abuse program, smoking cessation, low fat diet on going.
inflammation of the diverticuli (LLQ)
Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis Diet
clear liquids- high fiber
* (during exacerbation NPO or clear liquid diet and then progress to a low fiber diet)
Risk Factor Diverticulitis
obesity , low fiber diet,as well as genetic factors. The accumulation of undigested food and bacteria in these pouches it cause the diverticula to get inflamed which leads to
Diverticulitis: s/s
Signs/ symptom : abnominal pain in the (LLQ)
Affects the descending or sigmoid colon, bloating fever , nausea or vomiting
Diverticulitis: s/s
Labs: elevation in WBC, elevation in ESR because of inflammation, if bleeding is present ( decrease in blood levels can occur)
NI, treatment , monitor complication
Diagnosis: Barium Enema, colonoscopy, CT scan, lower GI series
Treatment: antibiotic,analgesics,
Nursing care : monitor for complications (which can include perforation of the diverticula)
Complications: peritonitis, bleeding ,possible formation of fitulas (fitulas are abnormal connection between organs)
How does diverticuittis Form / Cause: Diverticulosis: formation of pouches off of the intestines, the pouches form due to high intraluminal pressure which can be caused by obesity , low fiber diet,as well as genetic factors. The accumulation of undigested food and bacteria in these pouches it cause the diverticula to get inflamed which leads to Diverticulitis.
inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis- cause
Typically caused by cholelithiasis, which is a gallstone. The gall stone block the cystic duct or the common bile duct and cause inflammation of the gallbladder, impaired bile flow and eventually necrosis of the cells in the gallbladder.
Risk Factor of Cholecystitis
Risk Factor of Cholecystitis : cholelithiasis, high fat diet, obesity, genetics, older age and the female gender.