Basic Recall
This type of adversity involves a lack of cognitive and social stimulation, such as neglect.
What is deprivation
Dimensional Model of Adversity and Psychopathology (DMAP)
What is the theoretical model used in the paper that separates adversity into deprivation and threat.
The study found that deprivation had this kind of relationship with fear conditioning.
What is little to no significant association?
According to the paper, deprivation affects development primarily because of this missing environmental factor.
What is cognitive and social input (stimulation)?
If a child shows heightened fear responses to both danger and safe cues, this may reflect this possible consequence of threat exposure.
What is overgeneralization of fear?
This type of adversity includes exposure to violence or harm.
What is threat?
According to the study, this type of adversity is most strongly linked to poorer executive functioning.
What is deprivation?
The finding that deprivation and threat affect different systems is best described as this type of pattern.
What is a double dissociation?
A child who struggles with attention and inhibitory control but has normal fear learning most likely experienced this type of adversity.
What is deprivation?
An intervention focusing on language enrichment and cognitive stimulation would most directly target deficits caused by this dimension of adversity.
What is deprivation?
This cognitive ability involves regulating attention and inhibiting responses.
What is cognitive control?
This physiological measure was used to assess children’s fear learning in the study.
What is skin conductance (physiological response)?
This brain region is most associated with fear learning and is implicated in threat exposure.
What is the amygdala?
The study suggests that changes in fear learning due to threat exposure may represent this type of process rather than simple impairment.
What is adaptation (or adaptive calibration)?
From a neural perspective, deprivation is most likely to impact this brain region involved in executive function.
What is the prefrontal cortex?
This learning process involves associating a neutral stimulus with something aversive.
What is fear conditioning?
In the conditioning task, this stimulus is paired with an aversive outcome.
What is the CS+ (conditioned stimulus plus)?
This type of adversity was specifically linked to altered emotional learning rather than cognitive deficits.
What is threat?
Why might grouping all adversity together obscure important findings, according to the authors?
What is because different types of adversity affect different developmental systems?
The paper’s findings support this broader shift in developmental psychology toward studying adversity as what?
What is a set of distinct dimensions rather than a single unified construct?