Digestion 1
Where does digestion begin
in the mouth - via chemical and mechanical digestion
A substance with enzymes, released by glands in the mouth and helps break down food
What is saliva?
the flap that prevents food from entering the trachea or windpipe
What is the epiglottis?
A long tube where food passes to the stomach
What is the esophagus?
Absorption happens here
What is the small intestine?
Finger-like projections in the small intestine that help absorb nutrients
What are villi?
Food goes from the stomach to this digestive organ
What is the small intestine?
Its main role is to re-absorb water.
What is the large intestine?
the specialized division of the nervous system that innervates the the Digestive system is referred to as?
the Enteric Nervous system
Fish shaped accessory organ of the digestive system
pancrease, found in upper left quadrant of abdominal cavity post to stomach. This is considered an exocrine and endocrine gland and secrete pancreatic juices into the duodenum. These juices contain bicarbonate ions which help to neutralize chyme and protect the SI
Type of digestion involving biting, chewing, breaking down food with teeth
What is mechanical digestion?
The last process of digestion where waste leaves the body. (scientific term!)
What is elimination?
the brush border is also know as ? and contains what on its surface.
Microvilli, enzymes that help to continue the breakdown of chyme
Haustra is found where.
On the large intestine, small pouch like folds that are formed by the Tenia Coli
what is the the main role of HCL and where do you find it in the digestive system.
HCL activates pepsinogen to form the active enzyme pepsin this enzyme begins the breakdown of proteins in the stomach. HCL is excreted from the parietal cells in the rugae of the stomach
Where 90% of our absorption of nutrients occurs
Small intestine
Chemical Digestion of proteins begins where?
The stomach via the enzyme pepsin, this continues in the Small intestine via trypsin and chymotrypsin
Villi can be found on what layer of the SI, and contain what to aid in absorption?
found within the mucosa layer, contail rich blood supply and lacteals
What is the tenia Coli
Part of the muscularis layer of the large intestine. The outer longitudinal layer forms three longitudinal bands that gather the long intestine into a series of puches called Haustra
what is the body's largest gland
The liver, works with the digestive system to produce bile to be excreted into the duodenum. Bile is held in the gall bladder until it's release is stimulated by cholecystokinin (CCK) when fatty chyme is recognized by Si receptors.
Storage area for bile
What is the gall bladder?
3 parts of the small intestine
What are duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?
Bile is considered to be a what?
Fat emulsifier, breaks fat into smaller droplets to increase the surface area of the molecules. This is considered mechanical digestion
Reason why your stomach acid doesn't eat your stomach
A thick layer of mucus, and high turn over of epithelia tissues, along with the fact that pepsin is excreted in its non active form
wave-like squeezing of muscles that pushed food downward
What is peristalsis?