These enzymes break down proteins into shorter enzymes.
What are proteases?
100
Vitamins are either _____-soluble or _____-soluble.
What is water-soluble or fat-soluble?
100
This type of epithelial cell secretes hydrochloric acid into the stomach.
What is the parietal cell?
100
This is the nerve network between layers of muscle.
What is the myenteric plexus?
100
This neurotransmitter is an inhibitor of appetite.
What is POMC?
200
Chief cells in the stomach produce this type of protease.
What is pepsin?
200
These two minerals are necessary in the upkeep of bone structure.
What are calcium and phosphorus?
200
These two types of tissues may be increased in order to increase absorption of nutrients in the intestine.
What are microvilli and villi (also circular folds).
200
These two types of smooth muscle cells control the length and diameter of the gut, respectively.
What are the longitudinal (length) and circular (diameter) cells?
200
These are the two hormones which suppress appetite.
What are leptin and peptide YY?
300
This is the site of action of most digestive enzymes.
What is in the extracellular space (such as the lumen of the GI tract)?
300
The function of this fat-soluble vitamin helps you from developing hemorrhages.
What is vitamin K?
300
This type of cell secretes hormones into the blood in the stomach and in the intestine.
What is the enteroendocrine cell?
300
This is a type of wave that moves food down the GI tract, and is controlled by cells of Cajal.
What is peristalsis?
300
Leptin, produced by white adipose tissue, has positive feedback on this type of hypothalamic neuron, while it has negative feedback on the NPY hypothalamic neuron.
What is the POMC releasing hypothalamic neuron?
400
This is the function of an amylase.
What is to break down polysaccharides into oligosaccharides?
400
This is an example of a source of omega-6 fatty acids in the environment.
What are cold-water fish?
400
This product of the gall bladder or liver helps in the emulsification of fats and feeds into the intestine.
What is bile?
400
This neurotransmitter controls the motion of smooth muscle.
What is acetylcholine?
400
Enteroendocrine cells produce CCK, which acts on this structure to produce bile.
What is the gall bladder?
500
This enzyme begins the process of digestion.
What is salivary amylase?
500
A diet without all the types of these leads to protein deficiency, the most common form of malnutrition.
What are essential amino acids?
500
This enzyme is cleaved into trypsin in the small intestine, where it plays a role in the creation of chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase.
What is trypsinogen?
500
This is the optimal speed of the GI tract?
What is slow enough for proper digestion to occur, but fast enough so that the system isn't slowed down by indigestibles.
500
The colon produces peptide YY, which acts as a negative inhibitor of what structure in the hypothalamus?