All The Things
Digestive System
Excretory System
Fun Facts
The Kidneys
100

What is the term for the muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

Peristalsis

100

What is the role of the salivary glands in digestion?

Moisten the food and have enzymes that help to begin the process of food breakdown.

100

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

Filter urine

100

True or False: The small intestine is about 15-20 feet long when stretched out.

True

100

What are the basic functional units of the kidney called?

Nephrons

200

Identify the part of the digestive system where most nutrient absorption occurs.

Small intestine

200

After food has been broken down in the stomach, what do we call the creamy substance that is ready to move to our small intestine?

Chyme

200

What is the role of the urethra?

Move urine from the bladder out of the body.

200

What do bacteria in the large intestine help us absorb?

Small amount of nutrients

200

What is the main waste product excreted in urine?

Urea

300

What are the finger-like projections in the small intestine called that increase surface area for absorption?

villi

300

Explain the function of rugae in the stomach.

Allow for the stomach to expand and contract based on the amount of food that is in it.

300

Define micturition.

voiding of the baldder

300

What is the by-product of digestion from bacteria in the large intestine?

Gas

300

How do the kidneys help maintain blood pH?

  • Reabsorption of Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻): The kidneys reabsorb bicarbonate, an important buffer, back into the blood. Bicarbonate neutralizes acids in the blood, helping to maintain a stable pH.

  • Excretion of Hydrogen Ions (H⁺): The kidneys excrete excess hydrogen ions into the urine, which reduces the acidity of the blood. 

400

Describe the pathway of urine from the kidneys to its exit from the body.

From the kidneys, through the ureters, to the bladder, and out the urethra.

400

What percentage of digestion occurs in the small intestine?

90%

400

How does the body maintain water balance through the kidneys?

Our brain tells our bodies when we need more water absorbed from our kidneys, ADH plays a role in this.

When ADH is released, our body knows to absorb more water.

400

How does caffeine affect urine production?

Inhibits the hormone ADH, then our body doesn't absorb as much water

400

What happens during filtration in the nephron?

Filter the good from the bad, reabsorb the good (water electrolytes), secrete the bad (nitrogen and hydrogen ions).

500

What is the main function of the liver in the digestive system?

To produce bile, which helps break down fat.

500

Where is the majority of water absorbed in our digestive system?

Large intestine

500

What hormone is responsible for regulating water balance in the body?

ADH

Antidiuretic hormone

(anti)- against

(diuresis)- flow of urine

500

What unusual effect can excessive alcohol consumption have on the kidneys?

renal failure, kidneys stop functioning

500

What was the original song title, for the urinary system sonf in class.

Thrift Shop