Stomach Defenders
This class of drugs works by blocking receptors in the stomach that trigger acid secretion, commonly used for GERD and ulcers.
What are Histamine2-receptor blocker (e.g., cimetidine)?
These laxatives absorb water and expands to promote peristalsis.
What are bulk-forming agents (e.g., psyllium)?
This serotonin antagonist is a first-line treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea.
What is ondansetron (Zofran)?
These antiemetic drugs can cause hyperglyemia.
What are glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone)?
This group shuts down the proton pump in the stomach lining, offering long-term acid suppression.
What are Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs; e.g., omeprazole)?
These drugs treat diarrhea by slowing intestinal motility, often related to opioids.
What are opioid-related antidiarrheals (e.g., loperamide)?
This class of antiemetics block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)?
What are dopamine antagonists (e.g., prochlorperazine and metoclopramide)?
This antiemetic can increase the risk of arrhythmias.
What is ondansetron, a serotonin receptor antagonists; 5-HT3 receptor antagonist?
These fast-acting over-the-counter remedies neutralize stomach acid on contact.
What are Antacids (e.g., calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide)?
These powerful laxatives stimulate intestinal mucosa to speed up stool passage.
What are stimulant laxatives (e.g., bisacodyl)?
This prokinetic drug also works as an antiemetic by enhancing GI motility and blocking dopamine receptors.
What is Metoclopramide?
Long-term use of this drug class may increase the risk for osteoporosis and C. diff infection.
What are Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs; e.g., omeprazole)?
This compound can turn your tongue and stool black, but it's great for treating H. pylori-related ulcers.
What is Bismuth Subsalicylate?
This laxative is not absorbed; it draws water into intestines, resulting in the enlargement and softening of stool.
What are osmotic laxatives (e.g., polyethylene glycol)?
This treatment for pancreatic enzyme deficiency must be taken with meals.
What is pancrelipase (i.e., pancreatic enzyme replacement)?
This drug used in the treatment of H. pylori can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol.
What is metronidazole (a nitroimidazole antibiotic)?
This class of drug interacts with many medications due to its effects on gastric pH.
What are antacids?
These two laxatives come in powder forms that must be mixed with a sufficient amount of water for administration.
What are bulk-forming laxatives (e.g., methylcellulose) and polyethylene glycol (PEG; an osmotic laxative)?
This class of antiemetic has anxiolytic effects.
What are benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam)?
This older class of antiemetics can cause extrapyramidal side effects due to dopamine blockade.
What are Phenothiazine dopamine antagonists (e.g., prochlorperazine)?