Digestive Anatomy
Organs that are only covered by the peritoneum on the anterolateral portion
What are retroperitoneal organs?
Hormone that promotes motility in the GI tract
Subtype of epithelium lines the majority of the GI tract wall
What is simple columnar epithelium?
Substance made by parietal cells that is responsible for the low pH of the stomach
What is hydrochloric acid?
The wave-like movements that help move materials through the digestive tract
What is peristalsis?
Membrane that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth
What is the lingual frenulum?
Two organs that are most affected by cholecystokinin
What are the gallbladder and pancreas?
Tissue subtype that lines the lips, parts of the hard palate, and portions of the dorsum of the tongue
What is keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?
Cells that line the stomach and release an alkaline product that prevents the stomach from digesting itself
What are surface mucous cells?
Portion of the brainstem assists with swallowing
What is the swallowing center in the medulla oblongata?
The opening in the diaphragm for the esophagus
What is the esophageal hiatus?
Hormone that stimulates stomach motility and the production of gastric secretions
What is gastrin?
Cells within the salivary glands produce the watery fluid containing electrolytes and salivary amylase
What are serous cells?
What are chief cells?
The scientific name for chewing
What is mastication?
Portion of the small intestine that is primarily responsible for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
What is the jejunum?
Hormone that neutralizes stomach acid, decreases stomach emptying, and decreases stomach acid production
What is secretin?
Type of cell that produces mucin in the small intestine
What are goblet cells?
Subtance made in the gastric glands that is essential for vitamin B absorption
What is intrinsic factor?
Opening from the stomach into the duodenum
What is the pyloric orifice?
Age at which the deciduous teeth tend to erupt
What is 6-30 months?
Hormone produced by adipose cells that regulates hunger
What is leptin?
Cells within the small intestine synthesize enteropeptidase
What are unicellular gland cells?
Cells that produce acidic mucin that helps maintain the low pH of the stomach
What are brush border enzymes?