What is a Model
What is a model of disability?
A framework for understanding and responding to disability
Where does the Medical Model locate the problem?
In the individual’s body or brain.
What causes disability in the Social Model?
Barriers in society, not the person
What principle is at the heart of this model?
Equality and dignity for all.
A student can’t attend class because there’s no elevator. Which model does this reflect?
Social Model
why do models matter in schools and services?
they guide how people are treated and what supports are offered
What is its main solution?
To treat, cure, or manage the condition.
Give an example of a physical barrier.
Stairs with no ramp.
What major global document supports this model?
The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
A teacher believes a deaf student can’t succeed without being “fixed.” What model is this?
Medical Model.
Name all four models discussed today?
Medical, social, biopsychosocial, human rights
What is a limitation of the Medical Model?
It overlooks environmental and social barriers.
Give an example of an attitudinal barrier.
Assuming someone with a disability can’t learn or work
How does this model view disability?
As a natural part of human diversity.
A student receives therapy, school supports, and emotional check-ins. Which model is this?
Biopsychosocial Model.
which model promotes human dignity right?
Human rights model
How does this model view disability in schools?
As something needing specialized, separate treatment.
How can the Social Model create inclusive spaces?
By redesigning environments to accommodate all people.
What does this model demand from governments?
Accessibility, legal protection, and full participation.
A person uses the law to fight for equal housing access. What model is involved?
Human Rights Model.
How do disability models shape laws and policy?
They influence, access, and inclusion decision
What kind of language does the Medical Model often use?
“Deficit,” “impairment,” “abnormal,” or “needs fixing.”
Why is the Social Model empowering?
It shifts responsibility to society to be accessible, not individuals to “fit in.”
How does this model influence inclusive education?
It ensures schools must support all students as a right, not a privilege.
A community adds ramps, offers sign language interpreters, and trains staff. Which model(s) apply?
Social and Human Rights Models.