Vital Signs
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the four main vital signs?
a) Temperature
b) Heart rate (pulse)
c) Blood pressure
d) Blood sugar
D) Blood sugar
Why are vital signs called “vital”?
A) They are only measured when someone is very sick
B) They provide essential information about how the body is functioning
C) They are the same for every person
D) They are only important for doctors and nurses
B) They provide essential information about how the body is functioning
Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Influenza (Flu)
C) Athlete’s foot
D) Strep throat
B) Influenza (Flu)
A patient arrives with “rice-water” diarrhea, severe dehydration, and low blood pressure after drinking untreated water. Which disease is most likely?
A) Typhoid fever
B) Cholera
C) Influenza
D) Tuberculosis
B) Cholera
A patient has swollen lymph nodes (“buboes”), fever, and chills in 14th-century Europe. As a diagnostic detective, which disease do you suspect?
A) Influenza
B) Bubonic Plague
C) Strep throat
D) Athlete’s foot
B) Bubonic Plague
What is the normal resting heart rate for most healthy adults?
A) 30–50 beats per minute
B) 60–100 beats per minute
C) 110–130 beats per minute
D) 140–160 beats per minute
B) 60 - 100 beats per minute
Which vital sign gives the clearest information about how well the heart is pumping blood?
A) Respiratory rate
B) Heart rate (pulse)
C) Temperature
D) Oxygen saturation
B) Heart rate (pulse)
Which type of disease agent can be treated with antibiotics?
A) Viruses
B) Fungi
C) Bacteria
D) All of the above
C) Bacteria
A disease is spreading rapidly in medieval Europe, causing fever, chills, and swollen lymph nodes (“buboes”). Which diagnosis best fits?
A) Bubonic Plague
B) COVID-19
C) Athlete’s foot
D) Strep throat
A) Bubonic Plague
A man presents with watery diarrhea that looks like “rice water,” severe dehydration, and low blood pressure after traveling to a rural village. What’s the most likely diagnosis?
A) Cholera
B) COVID-19
C) Tuberculosis
D) Ringworm
A) Cholera
Body temperature is usually measured in which part of the body?
A) Mouth, ear, armpit, or forehead
B) Wrist or ankle
C) Stomach or chest
D) Only in the ear
A) Mouth, Ear, Armpit, or forehead
If a patient’s respiratory rate is too high or too low, what could that mean?
A) They are perfectly healthy
B) Their body may not be getting enough oxygen or removing enough carbon dioxide
C) They drank too much water
D) Their heart is beating too slowly
B) Their body may not be getting enough oxygen or removing enough carbon dioxide
Athlete’s foot is caused by which type of disease agent?
A) Virus
B) Bacteria
C) Fungus
D) Parasite
C) Fungus
A patient has a cough, fever, fatigue, and loss of taste/smell. Tests confirm a viral infection spread by droplets. What’s the most likely diagnosis?
A) Strep throat
B) COVID-19
C) Tuberculosis
D) Ringworm
B) COVID-19
If a patient’s respiratory rate is far too low, what might that tell you as a diagnostic detective?
A) Their body may not be getting enough oxygen
B) They have a bacterial skin infection
C) Their blood pressure is too high
D) They are fighting a fungal infection
A) Their body may not be getting enough oxygen
What does blood pressure measure?
A) The speed of blood moving through the veins
B) The force of blood pushing against artery walls
C) The number of red blood cells in circulation
D) The amount of oxygen in the blood
B) The force of blood pushing against artery walls
Why is blood pressure such an important vital sign to monitor?
A) It shows if a person has enough vitamins
B) It measures how strong the lungs are
C) It indicates how much force the heart uses to pump blood through arteries
D) It tells us if someone is dehydrated
C) It indicates how much force the heart uses to pump blood through arteries
Which of these is TRUE about viruses?
A) They are living organisms that can reproduce on their own.
B) They need a host cell to reproduce.
C) They are larger than bacteria.
D) They can be killed by antibiotics.
B) They need a host cell to reproduce.
A child has a red, sore throat. A test confirms a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Which illness is this?
A) Ringworm
B) Strep throat
C) Influenza
D) Athlete’s foot
B) Strep throat
A teenager comes in with a red, sore throat and a positive test for Streptococcus pyogenes. What diagnosis do you make?
A) Athlete’s foot
B) Strep throat
C) COVID-19
D) Influenza
B) Strep throat
Which vital sign tells us how well someone is breathing?
A) Respiratory rate
B) Pulse
C) Blood pressure
D) Temperature
A) Respiratory Rate
Which vital sign can warn doctors early that an infection might be present?
A) Temperature
B) Pulse
C) Respiratory rate
D) Blood pressure
A) Temperature
Which disease is caused by bacteria?
A) COVID-19
B) Ringworm
C) Strep throat
D) Chickenpox
C) Strep throat
A patient complains of itchy, peeling skin between the toes. The doctor diagnoses a fungal infection. What is this condition commonly called?
A) Athlete’s foot
B) Pneumonia
C) Typhoid fever
D) Chickenpox
A) Athlete’s foot
A patient complains of itchy, peeling skin between the toes. Cultures confirm a fungal infection. What condition is this?
A) Chickenpox
B) Tuberculosis
C) Athlete’s foot
D) Typhoid fever
C) Athlete’s foot