Terminology
Name a common communicable disease.
Common cold or flu
What stage would you typically see the most severe signs and symptoms?
Illness stage
Name an example of an endotoxin
LPS
Name an example of a zoonotic infection
Opt: Lyme disease, Salmonella, plague, West Nile virus
What term encompasses any condition where the normal structure or functions of the body are damaged or impaired?
Disease
What stage of disease would typically not cause any initial signs or symptoms?
Incubation stage
What type of bacterial cells acquire endotoxins?
Gram negative bacterial cells
Name 3 examples of a portal of entry.
Opt: Broken skin, urethra, insect bite, eyes, nose
What type of nosocomial infection is typically acquired from a health care environment?
Exogenous
A patient enters the hospital with severe signs and symptoms. What stage of disease would typically follow after this event?
Decline stage
What is the difference between pathogenicity vs virulence?
Pathogenicity is the ability of a microorganism to cause disease while virulence is the agree of pathogenicity
Who proposed that hand washing was vital to prevent the spread of infection?
Ignaz Semmelweis
Your grandpa has contracted some kind of disease as a result of a his stay during a colonoscopy. What category of disease does he most likely have?
Nosocomial disease
In what stage of disease would you typically not see growth but could possibly be kept latent in a patient?
Convalescence stage
What does H. pylori release in order to gain access to our stomach's epithelial cells? What is the result?
Urease, which cause mucin to liquify and bacterium can swim through
Describe the contributions by John Snow in the field of epidemiology
Tracked the spread of the Cholera outbreak using maps and records back to its source: the Broad Street Pump
John, a 55yr old man, complains of severe abdominal pain and nausea. He is accompanied with a full body rash, a high temperature of 103.5 F and difficulty breathing. What are his symptoms?
Abdominal pain, nausea, difficulty breathing
Name the five stages of disease.
1. Incubation Stage
2. Prodromal Stage
3. Illness Stage
4. Decline Stage
5. Convalescence Stage
What exoenzyme degrades hyaluronic acid that cements cells together to promote spreading through tissues?
Hyaluronidase
In 2003, a rapid and sudden increase in the number of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) diseases is observed in Asia. What term describes this type of disease occurrence?
Epidemic