Diseases 1
Virus
A particle consisting of genetic material inside a protein capsule that infects host cells and uses components of the host cell to produce more of its kind
Host
An organism within or upon which another organism or virus (parasite, commensal, or mutualist) resides
Lytic Cycle
A reproductive cycle used by viruses where the virus rapidly reproduces in the host cell and then breaks open the host to release the viral progeny
Prokaryote
An organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryote
An organism whose cells contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Disease
A disorder in an organism that produces adverse effects and is not a result of physical injury; can be identified by specific signs or symptoms and can affect one or more parts of the organism
Infectious Disease
Illness caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi that can be passed directly or indirectly to another person
Pathogen
A virus, bacterium, or other organism that causes an infectious disease
Genome
The complete set of genes or genetic material in a cell or organism
Mitosis
The phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle in which a single cell divides into two cells
Protein
A biomolecule made of one or more amino acid polymers joined together by peptide bonds and then folded into a complex structure that performs a specific function
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
The carrier of genetic information present in nearly all organisms; forms a double helix
Replication
The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself
Cell Cycle
The process by which cells grow and divide to produce more cells
Cancer
A disease resulting from the uncontrolled growth and division of the cells of a multicellular organism
Ultraviolet Waves
Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths longer than X-rays but shorter than visible light
Nerve Cell
A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses
Tissue
A group of cells with a similar structure and function
Mutation
A change in the DNA sequence of a chromosome
Mutagen
Any substance that causes mutations in genes
Organ
A group of interconnected tissues that work together to perform a specific set of functions
Ailments
A bodily disorder or chronic disease
Affliction
That which causes or tends to cause bodily pain or mental distress
Malady
A disease or ailment
Disorders
An abnormal condition that affects the body's function but may or may not have specific signs and symptoms