Germs & Bad Guys
This condition is the advanced stage of HIV infection, when the immune system is severely damaged.
What is acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
This chronic condition occurs when the body cannot properly use or produce insulin.
What is diabetes?
This airborne disease requires negative‑pressure isolation and is confirmed with a positive sputum culture for Mycobacterium.
What is tuberculosis (TB)?
This condition involves lower‑than‑normal bone density but is not yet severe enough to be osteoporosis.
What is osteopenia?
This non‑cancerous condition can press on the urethra and make urination difficult.
What is benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)?
This condition involves a low number of red blood cells or low hemoglobin, leading to fatigue and pallor.
What is anemia?
This bacterial skin infection causes redness, warmth, swelling, and tenderness, often spreading quickly.
What is cellulitis?
This progressive disease is the most common cause of dementia.
What is Alzheimer's disease?
This eye condition causes loss of central vision while peripheral vision remains intact.
What is age-related macular degeneration?
This virus is spread through blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding.
What is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
A fruity breath odor may indicate severe forms of this high‑blood‑sugar condition.
What is hyperglycemia?
People with this condition often use pursed‑lip breathing to help keep airways open during exhalation.
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
This non‑painful experience involves feeling that a missing limb is still present.
What is phantom limb sensation?
Both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis fall under this broader medical category, often abbreviated as IBD.
What is inflammatory bowel disease?
This condition occurs when the heart cannot pump effectively, causing fluid buildup in the lungs and body.
What is congestive heart failure (CHF)?
This condition occurs when body tissue dies due to loss of blood supply or severe infection.
What is gangrene?
This mental health condition involves cycles of depression and mania.
What is bipolar disorder?
This eye condition involves increased pressure in the eye that can damage the optic nerve.
What is glaucoma?
This type of infection occurs when the immune system is too weak to fight off normally harmless organisms.
What is an opportunistic infection?
Weight loss, heat intolerance, and rapid heartbeat are signs of this condition.
What is hyperthyroidism?
This respiratory condition involves airway inflammation and bronchospasm, often triggered by allergens, exercise, or cold air.
What is asthma?
This degenerative joint disease is caused by wear and tear on the cartilage over time.
What is osteoarthritis (OA)?
This condition occurs when small, bulging pouches called diverticula form in the walls of the large intestine, often without causing any symptoms.
What is diverticulosis?
Warmth, redness, swelling, and pain in one calf may indicate this dangerous condition.
What is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Redness that does not blanch when pressed is an early sign of this condition.
What is a stage I pressure ulcer?
This condition is treated by replacing the cloudy lens with an artificial one.
What is a cataract?
This type of disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues.
What is an autoimmune disease?
This term describes excessive thirst, often seen in uncontrolled diabetes.
What is polydipsia?
This type of pneumonia occurs when food, liquids, or vomit enter the lungs.
What is aspiration pneumonia?
This condition is real and should always be reported, even though the limb is no longer present.
What is phantom limb pain?
GERD stands for this full medical term, which describes a chronic condition where stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the esophagus.
What is gastroesophageal reflux disease?
Iron‑deficiency is the most common type of this disorder.
What is anemia?
This chronic autoimmune skin condition causes thick, scaly, silvery patches.
What is psoriasis?
Slurred speech, facial drooping, and confusion may indicate this condition.
What is a stroke?
This term describes diseases in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably.
What is cancer?
This condition occurs when blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet in the diabetic range.
What is prediabetes?
This lung infection can cause fever, productive cough, and crackles heard on auscultation.
What is pneumonia?
Warm, swollen, and tender joints are classic signs of this condition.
What is rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
This is the medical term for the passage of gas from the digestive tract, which can cause discomfort and embarrassment for residents.
What is flatulence?
A DVT can turn into this if the clot dislodges.
What is an embolism?
This painful condition is caused by reactivation of the chickenpox virus.
What is chickenpox?
This neurological disorder involves repeated seizures.
What is epilepsy?
This type of tumor invades nearby tissues and may metastasize.
What is metastasize?
Shakiness, sweating, confusion, and irritability are early signs of this condition.
What is hypoglycemia?
This COPD subtype involves destruction of alveoli, reducing surface area for gas exchange.
What is emphysema?
This condition is more common in postmenopausal women due to decreased estrogen levels.
What is osteoporosis?
This infection occurs when bacteria enter the bladder through an indwelling catheter.
What is a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
This type of chest pain occurs when the heart muscle does not get enough oxygen.
What is angina?
The ABCDE rule (asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving) helps identify suspicious lesions for this condition.
What is skin cancer?
This disorder involves unwanted thoughts that cause anxiety and repetitive behaviors to reduce that anxiety.
What is obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are examples of this category of disorders.
What are autoimmune diseases?
Fatigue, weight gain, and feeling cold are common symptoms of this condition.
What is hypothyroidism?
Inflammation and excess mucus production in the bronchi are hallmarks of this condition.
What is chronic bronchitis?
Difficulty opening jars, buttoning clothes, or holding utensils may indicate worsening of this condition.
What is rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
This condition occurs when the bladder does not empty completely, leading to discomfort and distention.
What is urinary retention?
Swelling in the legs, sudden weight gain, and difficulty breathing when lying flat are classic signs of this condition.
What is congestive heart failure (CHF)?
Residents with this condition may report burning, tingling, or stabbing pain before the rash appears.
What is shingles?
A shuffling gait and stooped posture are common signs of this condition.
What is Parkinson's disease?