Diuretics #1
This diuretic works on the PCT and can decrease vitreous humor levels in the eye.
This portion of renal BF plays a role in countercurrent multiplication.
What is the vasa recta?
The functional unit of the kidney.
What is the nephron?
This is the parameter represented on the Y axis of the Frank Starling curve.
What is Stroke Volume
This ion is primarily responsible for the resting membrane potential of excitable cells.
What is potassium
This drug pulls fluid from the extracellular space to increase blood volume and can be detrimental to patients with CV disease.
What is mannitol?
The arteriole that brings blood to the glomerulus.
What is the afferent arteriole?
The excretion of solute-free water.
What is aquaresis?
This device is the gold standard for direct cardiac function and volume status monitoring.
This electrolyte/acid base abnormality is a potential consequence of large volumes of normal saline administration.
What is hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
The dose of furosemide, when used alone.
What is 0.5-1 mg/kg?
Plasma that is not filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubules, moves into these capillaries, before draining into the renal vein.
What are peritubular capillaries?
The loop of Henle extends deep into the renal medulla in this type of nephron.
What is juxtamedullary?
According to traditional calculation methods, this is the required maintenance fluid for a 15 kg patient.
What is 50 mL per hour
This is the concentration in mEq/L of the electrolytes Sodium and Chloride found in Normal Saline.
What is 154 mEq/L for each
This class of diuretics is associated with the highest excretion of potassium, leading to hypokalemia.
What are the loop diuretics?
The volume of collective filtrate formed over time.
What is glomerular filtration rate?
When aldosterone is released from the adrenal glands, these 2 ions are secreted into the urine.
What are potassium and hydrogen ions?
What is plasmalyte
Hyperventilation, Metabolic alkalosis, and beta adrenergic agonists can result in hypokalemia due to this underlying mechanism
What is intracellular shift of potassium
This class of drugs stimulates the G-proteins to increase cAMP production moving aquaporins from the vascular side to the tubule side of the epithelial cell.
What are vasopressin receptor antagonists?
These cells sense changes in Na and Cl levels in the PCT and aide in autoregulation of blood flow and renin release.
What are macula densa cells?
The serum glucose concentration, in mg/min at which glucose starts to spill over into the urine, in
What is 225 mg/minute?
Based upon traditional fluid replacement guidelines a patient with an intraoperative blood loss of 750 mL would require this additional amount of crystalloid replacement if they had already received the following:
1200 mL of Lactated Ringers and 250 mL of albumin
What is 300 mL
Diuretics, Addison's Disease, and vomiting are all potential causes of this subset of hyponatremia
What is hypovolemic, hypotonic hyponatremia